Understanding Employment Dynamics Over Time through the Lens of Religion and Ethnicity: A Bibliometric Approach

This paper reviews and categorises research on the intersection of religion, ethnicity, and employment, emphasising the experiences of minority groups and women. Research conducted over the past three decades indicates that minority groups face higher unemployment rates and lower chances of promotion compared to majority groups. However, religion and ethnicity can positively influence job satisfaction and productivity and encourage entrepreneurship. For this research, 203 documents from the Web of Science were analysed from 1993 to 2024. The goal was to gain a historical perspective on how religion and ethnicity affect employability. The method used was bibliometric analysis conducted with the R package. The empirical findings revealed that labour market outcomes are related to managing ethnic and religious identities, implying the need for situation-specific policies for inclusion and equality. This paper systematically reviews existing knowledge on religion, ethnicity, and employment by analysing the literature. Based on the evidence, recommendations for future research and policymaking are provided.