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A Novel Discrete Resonant Control Method for Cascaded H-Bridge Rail Balancers Cover

A Novel Discrete Resonant Control Method for Cascaded H-Bridge Rail Balancers

Open Access
|Oct 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Topology of a TSS with the ARB. ARB, advanced rail balancer; PSD, phase shifting device; TSS, traction substation.

Figure 2.

Block diagram of the proposed control scheme. PI, proportional integration; SOGI-PLL, second-order generalized integrator phase-locked loop.

Figure 3.

Steinmetz’s symmetrising circuit and corresponding phasor diagram illustrating the function of the electronic balancer.

Figure 4.

Timeline visualising control and modulation delay of the system.

Figure 5.

Influence of different discretisation techniques on R controller Bode’s characteristics. FOH, first-order hold.

Figure 6.

Bode’s characteristics of discrete R controllers with ARB control system latency and ideal characteristic of continuous R controller without latency. ARB, advanced rail balancer; FOH, first-order hold.

Figure 7.

Scheme of the laboratory model of ARB. ARB, advanced rail balancer.

Figure 8.

Laboratory prototype for experimental validation.

Figure 9.

RL load, ARB off, blue Ug1 [250 V/div], cyan Ig1 [10 A/div], purple Ug12 [250 V/div], green Icat [10 A/div] (aligned with Ig1). ARB, advanced rail balancer; THD, total harmonic distortion.

Figure 10.

RL load, ARB—balancing ON + harmonics filtration OFF, blue Ug1 [250 V/div], cyan Ig1 [10 A/div], purple Ug12 [250 V/div], green Icat [10A/div]. ARB, advanced rail balancer; THD, total harmonic distortion.

Figure 11.

RL load, ARB—balancing ON + harmonics filtration OFF, blue UCHB12 [250 V/div], cyan ICHB12 [10 A/div], purple ICHB23 [10 A/div], green ICHB31 [10 A/div]. ARB, advanced rail balancer.

Figure 12.

RL load, ARB—balancing ON + harmonics filtration OFF, blue Ug1 [250 V/div], cyan Ig1 [10 A/div], purple Ig2 [10 A/div], green Ig3 [10 A/div]. ARB, advanced rail balancer; THD, total harmonic distortion.

Figure 13.

RL load, ARB—balancing ON + harmonics filtration ON, common R controllers, blue Ug1 [250 V/div], cyan ICHB12 [10 A/div], purple ICHB23 [10 A/div], green ICHB31 [10 A/div]. ARB, advanced rail balancer.

Figure 14.

RL load, ARB—balancing ON + harmonics filtration ON, advanced R controllers, blue Ug1 [250 V/div], cyan Ig1 [10 A/div], purple Ig2 [10 A/div], green Ig3 [10 A/div]. ARB, advanced rail balancer; THD, total harmonic distortion.

Figure 15.

Load: Diode rectifier with RL load, ARB off, blue Ug1 [250 V/div], cyan Ig1 [10 A/div], purple Ug12 [250 V/div], green Icat [10 A/div] (aligned with Ig1). ARB, advanced rail balancer; THD, total harmonic distortion.

Figure 16.

Load: Diode rectifier with RL load, ARB—balancing ON + harmonics filtration ON with advanced R controllers, blue UCHB12 [250 V/div], cyan ICHB12 [10 A/div], purple ICHB23 [10 A/div], green ICHB31 [10 A/div]. ARB, advanced rail balancer.

Figure 17.

Load: Diode rectifier with RL load, ARB—balancing ON + harmonics filtration ON with advanced R controllers, blue Ug1 [250 V/div], cyan Ig1 [10 A/div], purple Ig2 [10 A/div], green Ig3 [10 A/div]. ARB, advanced rail balancer; THD, total harmonic distortion.

Parameters of the experimental model_

ParameterDescriptionValue
Ug12, Ug23, Ug31Line-line voltage400 VRMS/50 Hz
LCHBFiltration inductor4 mH
CCHBDC-link capacitor2.5 mF
UDCDC-link voltage180 V
ΣUDCDC-link voltage summation4 × 180 V = 720 V
fPWMPWM frequency1 kHz
tdtDead time duration1 µs
PI: KP; TIPI gain and time constant0.04, 0.2 s
PR(1): KP; KRPR gain and time constant2; 200
A loadRL load parameters16 Ω, 20 mH (P(1) = 8.66 kW, Q(1) = 3.4 kVAr)
B loadDiode rectifier load parametersAC: 10 mH; DC: 16 Ω, 80 mH (P(1) = 6.7 kW, Q(1) = 4.3 kVAr)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pead-2025-0020 | Journal eISSN: 2543-4292 | Journal ISSN: 2451-0262
Language: English
Page range: 287 - 306
Submitted on: Jul 24, 2025
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Accepted on: Aug 26, 2025
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Published on: Oct 14, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Milos Straka, Jaroslav Dragoun, Jakub Talla, Vojtech Blahnik, Martin Pittermann, Zdenek Peroutka, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.