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Fig. 7:
Factor comparison matrix_
| F01 | F09 | F02 | F07 | F13 | F20 | F10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F01 | (1, 1, 1) | (1, 2, 3) | (1/4, 1/5, 1/6) | (2, 3, 4) | (4, 5, 6) | (2, 3, 4) | (1/5, 1/4, 1/3) |
| F09 | (1/3, 1/2, 1) | (1, 1, 1) | (4, 5, 6) | (4, 5, 6) | (2, 3, 4) | (1/7, 1/6, 1/5) | (2, 3, 4) |
| F02 | (6, 5, 4) | (1/6, 1/5, 1/4) | (1, 1, 1) | (8, 9, 10) | (7, 8, 9) | (1/9, 1/8, 1/7) | (4, 5, 6) |
| F07 | (1/4, 1/3, 1/2) | (1/6, 1/5, 1/4) | (0, 1/9, 1/8) | (1, 1, 1) | (2, 3, 4) | (6, 7, 8) | (3, 4, 5) |
| F13 | (1/6, 1/5, 1/4) | (1/4, 1/3, 1/2) | (1/9, 1/8, 1/7) | (1/4, 1/3, 1/2) | (1, 1, 1) | (1, 2, 3) | (2, 3, 4) |
| F20 | (1/4, 1/3, 1/2) | (5, 6, 7) | (7, 8, 9) | (1/8, 1/7, 1/6) | (1/3, 1/2, 1) | (1, 1, 1) | (6, 7, 8) |
| F10 | (3, 4, 5) | (1/4, 1/3, 1/2) | (1/6, 1/5, 1/4) | (1/5, 1/4, 1/3) | (1/4, 1/3, 1/2) | (1/8, 1/7, 1/6) | (1, 1, 1) |
Fuzzy conversion scale of FAHP_
| AHP preference number | AHP linguistic variables | TFNs scale | TFNs reciprocal scale |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | EI | (1,1,1) | (1,1,1) |
| 3 | MMI | (2,3,4) | (1/4, 1/3, 1/2) |
| 5 | SMI | (4,5,6) | (1/6, 1/5, 1/4) |
| 7 | VSMI | (6,7,8) | (1/8, 1/7, 1/6) |
| 9 | EMI | (9,9,9) | (1/9, 1/9, 1/9) |
Causal factors of the main delays and results_
| Factors | |
|---|---|
| F01 | (0.969, 1.240, 1.486) |
| F09 | (1.173, 1.520, 1.970) |
| F02 | (1.583, 1.723, 1.860) |
| F07 | (0.763, 0.934, 1.140) |
| F13 | (0.420, 0.557, 0.727) |
| F20 | (1.118, 1.346, 1.706) |
| F10 | (0.360, 0.440, 0.560) |
| Total | (6.39, 7.76, 9.45) |
| Inverso | (0.11, 0.13, 0.16) |
FMEA Criticality Score Matrix for Delay Factors_
| Categories | Potential effects | Factors causing delay | O | I | D | RPN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lack of approval of the owner’s advisory service | Failure to meet project deadlines | Design changes | 8 | 9 | 4 | 288 |
| Cost overruns due to reprocessing | Delay in the approval of shop drawings and material samples | 5 | 7 | 4 | 140 | |
| Quality of project equipment | 5 | 7 | 4 | 140 | ||
| Quality of raw materials for the project | 4 | 7 | 4 | 112 | ||
| Lack of expertise and/or experience in the contracted consalting service | 5 | 8 | 5 | 200 | ||
| Non-compliance of labour | Failure to meet project deadlines | Absenteeism | 5 | 7 | 5 | 175 |
| Occupational accidents | Labour shortage | 4 | 7 | 4 | 112 | |
| Cost overruns due to changes in contract extensions | Low labour productivity | 7 | 8 | 5 | 280 | |
| Incidents with materials and equipment | Failure to meet project deadline | Non-compliance with construction material suppliers | 6 | 8 | 5 | 240 |
| Cost overruns due to price changes and substitutions | Non-compliance of equipment suppliers | 6 | 8 | 5 | 240 | |
| Shortage of construction materials on the market | 5 | 8 | 5 | 200 | ||
| Changes in material specifications during the execution of the project | 7 | 8 | 5 | 280 | ||
| Unavailability of equipment | 5 | 7 | 4 | 140 | ||
| Inadequate equipment/obsolete equipment | 5 | 7 | 4 | 140 | ||
| Problems with contractors | Failure to meet project deadlines | Discussion or discomfort during the workday. | 4 | 5 | 5 | 100 |
| Contractor’s financial difficulties | 8 | 9 | 6 | 432 | ||
| Inadequate experience on the part of the contractor | 7 | 8 | 6 | 336 | ||
| Poorly qualified work of the contractor’s technical team | 7 | 7 | 5 | 245 | ||
| Inaccurate planning and/or scheduling | 9 | 8 | 6 | 432 | ||
| Delays due to external conditions. | Failure to meet project deadlines | Adverse weather conditions | 5 | 6 | 6 | 180 |
| Environmental restrictions | 5 | 6 | 6 | 180 | ||
| Delay in the completion of the final inspection and certification by a third party | 5 | 6 | 5 | 150 | ||
| Accidents during construction | 5 | 6 | 6 | 180 | ||
| Force majeure (war, riots, strikes, earthquakes, etc.) | 4 | 5 | 6 | 120 | ||
| Inflation/price fluctuations for materials or equipment | 4 | 7 | 6 | 168 | ||
| Problems with neighbours | 4 | 5 | 5 | 100 | ||
| Government intervention | 4 | 6 | 6 | 144 | ||
| Unforeseen ground conditions | 5 | 7 | 7 | 245 | ||
| Problems with the owner | Failure to meet planned project dates | Late management of the owner’s responsibilities | 6 | 7 | 5 | 210 |
| Cost overruns due to rework | Project financing problems | 7 | 8 | 6 | 336 | |
| Stop the work order by the owner. | 5 | 7 | 5 | 175 | ||
| Owner’s lack of construction experience | 7 | 6 | 5 | 210 | ||
| Lack of a capable representative for the owner | 6 | 7 | 5 | 210 | ||
| Inadequate project feasibility study | 7 | 8 | 4 | 224 | ||
| Change of customers/change of scope | 7 | 8 | 5 | 280 | ||
| Setting of unrealistic project duration deadlines | 8 | 8 | 4 | 256 |
Diffuse weight, weight, normal weight and rating of each factor_
| Categories | Factor | Fuzzy weight | Weight | Normal weight | Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contractor | F01 | (0.103, 0.160, 0.233) | 0.165 | 0.157 | 4 |
| Contractor | F09 | (0.124, 0.196, 0.309) | 0.21 | 0.199 | 2 |
| Contractor | F02 | (0.168, 0.222, 0.291) | 0.227 | 0.216 | 1 |
| Contractor | F07 | (0.081, 0.120, 0.179) | 0.127 | 0.12 | 5 |
| Materials and equipment | F13 | (0.044, 0.072, 0.114) | 0.077 | 0.073 | 6 |
| Proprietor | F20 | (0.118, 0.173, 0.267) | 0.186 | 0.177 | 3 |
| Proprietor | F10 | (0.038, 0.057, 0.088) | 0.061 | 0.058 | 7 |
Definition of the variables associated with the critical factors_
| N° | Factor | Abbr. |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Difficulties financial difficulties of the contractor | F01 |
| 2 | Inaccurate planning and scheduling | F02 |
| 3 | Project financing problems | F03 |
| 4 | Design changes | F04 |
| 5 | Inadequate experience on the part of the contractor | F05 |
| 6 | Changes in the specifications of materials during the execution of the work | F06 |
| 7 | Unforeseen ground conditions | F07 |
| 8 | Customer variation/scope change | F08 |
| 9 | Low-skilled work by the contractor’s technical team | F09 |
| 10 | The setting of unrealistic project duration time frames | F10 |
| 11 | Low level of labour productivity | F11 |
| 12 | Non-compliance with construction material suppliers | F12 |
| 13 | Non-compliance of equipment suppliers | F13 |
| 14 | Inadequate feasibility study of the project | F14 |
| 15 | Owner’s lack of construction experience | F15 |
| 16 | Lack of skill and experience on the part of the consulting service hired by the owner. | F16 |
| 17 | Late management of the owner’s responsibilities | F17 |
| 18 | Lack of a capable representative for the owner | F18 |
| 19 | Workforce absenteeism | F19 |
| 20 | Stop the work order by the owner. | F20 |