ISM model for assessing critical productivity factors in the Jordanian construction industry post-COVID-19 pandemic

Alshdiefat, Ala’a Saleh

ISM model for assessing critical productivity factors in the Jordanian construction industry post-COVID-19 pandemic

Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: an International Journal

Volume 16 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)

By:

Ala’a Saleh Alshdiefat

Open Access

|Jun 2024

Figures & Tables

Final ISM model of the productivity factors in the Jordanian construction projects post-COVID-19 pandemic. ISM, interpretive structural modelling.

MICMAC analysis of productivity factors in Jordanian construction projects.

Ranked main productivity factors post-COVID-19 pandemic in Jordanian construction projects_

Factor	Description	Mean	Std. deviation
P26	Material shortages	3.70	1.226
P3	Lack of empowerment (training/seminar)	3.51	1.249
P37	Late payment of salary	3.49	1.258
P40	Poor communication & coordination	3.49	1.330
P44	Improper planning & scheduling of work	3.48	1.212
P43	Variation in orders	3.43	1.116
P6	Lack of skill and experience of the Workers	3.41	1.203
P47	Poor work planning	3.40	1.208
P49	Lack of on-site cleanliness	3.38	1.227
P33	Low salary or underpaid	3.37	1.220
P41	Lack of leadership skill	3.36	0.929
P16	Lack of drawings availability, drawing errors, slow response to questions withdrawing	3.33	1.156
P36	Little or no financial rewards	3.28	1.191
P25	The poor condition of equipment and tools	3.26	1.197
P22	Workers adherence to safety measures and infection control	3.22	1.199
P27	Low quality of raw material	3.11	1.299
P19	Awareness of COVID-19 protocol	3.10	1.277
P2	Weather conditions	3.09	1.088
P1	Utilising traditional construction methods instead of modern technology	3.05	1.279
P29	Poor arrangement of materials	3.03	1.119
P31	Lack of appropriate equipment when needed or availability of inadequate equipment	3.02	0.994
P32	Lack of Materials when needed due to poor planning or delays in delivery times	3.02	1.234
P9	Changing instruction order	2.98	1.259
P46	Misunderstanding between the agency & contractor	2.98	1.300
P42	Lack of periodic meetings with labourers	2.93	1.385
P18	Improper observance of COVID-19 protocols	2.80	1.219
P50	Regulation and law	2.80	1.231
P38	Poor relations between labours and supervisors	2.76	1.203
P34	Lack of labour recognition	2.75	1.196
P23	Applicability to fully implicate social distancing in their workplace	2.73	1.122
P5	Poor relations among workers	2.57	1.159
P4	Low labourer’s morals/commitment	2.48	1.209
P17	Unsafe working conditions	2.48	1.316
P21	Accident awareness	2.48	1.215
P24	There is a proper use of PPE	2.45	1.280
P12	Changing of foreman	2.44	1.189
P45	Construction managers lack Leadership	2.41	1.319
P11	Poor or no supervision methods	2.30	1.239
P14	Supervisors’ absenteeism	2.27	1.279
P15	There is no mismatch between employee abilities and job demands	2.26	1.222
P8	Depend on hiring and employment of unskilled workers	2.25	1.192
P35	Lack of place for eating and resting	2.24	1.080
P28	Improper material storage location	2.21	1.137
P39	Lack of labour surveillance	2.21	1.316
P10	Inspection delay	2.20	1.183
P30	Lack of availability of required tools and machinery	2.18	1.259
P48	Overcrowded work areas	2.17	1.092
P20	Poor health of workers	1.92	1.169
P7	Increase in labourers’ age (above 40 years)	1.79	0.918
P13	Unskilled supervisors	1.69	0.769

The final levels of sustainable transportation indicators after six iterations_

Factors	Factor name	Level
P3	Lack of empowerment (training/seminar)	6
P40	Poor communication & coordination
P22	Workers will adhere to safety measures and infection control policy
P1	Utilising traditional construction methods instead of modern technology
P44	Improper planning & scheduling of work	5
P47	Poor work planning	4
P26	Material shortages	3
P43	Variation in orders
P6	Lack of skill and experience of the workers
P25	The poor condition of equipment and tools
P31	Lack of appropriate equipment when needed or availability of inadequate equipment
P32	Lack of materials when needed due to poor planning or delay in delivery times
P33	Low salary	2
P41	Lack of leadership skill
P16	Lack of drawings availability, drawing errors, slow response to questions withdrawing
P36	Little or no financial rewards
P19	Awareness of COVID-19 protocol
P37	Late payment of salary	1
P49	Lack of on-site cleanliness
P27	Low quality of raw material
P2	Weather conditions
P29	Poor arrangement of materials

Formation of SSIM_

	P26	P3	P37	P40	P44	P43	P6	P47	P49	P33	P41	P16	P36	P25	P22	P27	P19	P2	P18	P29	P31	P32
P26	X	O	O	X	A	A	A	X	O	O	A	O	O	O	O	A	O	A	O	A	O	O
P3		X	O	X	X	X	X	V	V	X	A	V	X	O	X	O	X	O	X	V	V	V
P37			X	O	A	A	O	A	O	O	A	O	O	A	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O
P40				X	X	X	X	X	V	O	A	V	O	O	X	O	O	O	X	V	V	V
P44					X	V	A	X	O	O	A	X	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	V	V	V
P43						X	O	A	O	A	O	A	O	O	O	A	O	A	O	O	O	O
P6							X	V	V	O	X	V	O	O	V	O	V	O	V	V	O	V
P47								X	V	O	A	V	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	V	O	V
P49									X	A	O	A	O	A	O	O	O	A	O	A	O	O
P33										X	O	V	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	V	O	O
P41											X	O	V	O	V	O	V	O	V	V	V	O
P16												X	O	A	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O
P36													X	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O
P25														X	O	V	O	O	O	V	X	X
P22															X	O	A	O	X	O	O	O
P27																X	O	A	O	A	A	A
P19																	X	O	V	O	O	O
P2																		X	O	V	O	O
P1																			X	O	O	O
P29																				X	A	A
P31																					X	X
P32																						X