Effective pre-qualification systems – Are they essential for minimising delays on road projects?

Mangesh Kapote; Pratik Patil; Sunil Pimplikar

doi:10.2478/otmcj-2023-0015

Figures & Tables

Parametric analysis of road projects considering weighted project impact.

Mathematical formulas for the project performance criterion (Gransberg et al_ 1999)_

Sr. No.	Parameters	Mathematical formulation
1	% CG	Final contract amount−Original contract amountOriginal contract amount\[\frac{\text{Final}\,\text{contract}\,\text{amount}-\text{Original}\,\text{contract}\,\text{amount}}{\text{Original}\,\text{contract}\,\text{amount}}\]
2	% Increase per change order	% Cost growthNumber of change orders\[\frac{%\,\text{Cost}\,\text{growth}}{\text{Number}\,\text{of}\,\text{change}\,\text{orders}}\]
3	% Time growth	[ Days charged−(Total days allowed + Additional days granted) ]Total days allowed + Additional days granted\[\frac{\left[ \text{Days}\,\text{charged}-\left( \text{Total}\,\text{days}\,\text{allowed}\,+\,\text{Additional}\,\text{days}\,\text{granted} \right) \right]}{\text{Total}\,\text{days}\,\text{allowed}\,+\,\text{Additional}\,\text{days}\,\text{granted}}\]

Computations of four project performance measures_

Project	Percentage CG	Number of change orders	Percentage increase per change order	Percentage time growth
R1	0	0	0	0
R2	−16.974	0	0	33.333
R3	4.348	5	0.870	0
R4	4.666	0	0	0
R5	0	2	0	0
R6	0	1	0	0
R7	4.444	3	1.481	0
R8	8.235	1	8.235	0
R9	0	0	0	0
R10	0.625	0	0	0
R11	1.550	1	1.550	11.111
R12	0.625	2	0.3125	0
R13	0.558	2	0.279	33.333
R14	9.270	1	9.270	0
R15	11.500	2	5.750	0
R16	−10.700	1	−10.700	0
R17	141.948	0	0	91.667
R18	0	0	0	0
R19	0	0	0	0
R20	2.196	1	2.196	33.333
R21	0.705	1	0.705	0
R22	0.224	0	0	0
R23	0.675	1	0.675	25
R24	7.380	1	7.380	20
R25	0.042	1	0.042	0

Frequency of parameters segregated as per impact on project_

Project	Maximum negative impact	Significant negative impact	Reasonable negative impact	Minimum negative impact
R1	0	1	3	0
R2	1	0	2	1
R3	1	3	0	0
R4	1	1	2	0
R5	1	1	2	0
R6	1	1	1	1
R7	3	1	0	0
R8	2	1	1	0
R9	0	0	2	2
R10	0	1	1	2
R11	2	2	0	0
R12	1	2	1	0
R13	2	1	1	0
R14	2	1	1	0
R15	3	0	1	0
R16	0	1	0	3
R17	2	0	0	2
R18	0	0	0	4
R19	0	0	0	4
R20	2	2	0	0
R21	0	3	0	1
R22	0	0	1	3
R23	1	2	1	0
R24	3	0	1	0
R25	0	1	2	1

Project-specific parameters considered for analysis; representation of data obtained_

Projects	Project start and end dates	Whether project was tendered	Whether pre-qualification process was conducted	Details of pre-qualification criteria considered						Original contract amount in Rs. Lacs (at the time of awarding of tender)	Final contract amount in Rs. Lacs (at the time of completion)	Number of change orders (change in scope, updations)	Days charged in months (actual contract duration)	Total days allowed in months (original contract duration)	Additional days granted in months (number of days added by change order)
				Technical	Financial	Past experience	Machinery/equipment/plants	Staff	Any other
R1	23/06/2020 to 22/03/2021	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	92.83	92.83	0	9	9	0
R2	23/06/2020 to 22/03/2021	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	108.4	90	0	12	9	0
R3	17/03/2018 to 15/04/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	253	264	5	13	12	1
R4	04/11/2016 to 04/11/2018	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	643	673	0	24	24	0
R5	29/10/2019 to 30/11/2020	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	160	160	2	13	12	1
R6	07/12/2020 to 03/05/2021	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	155	155	1	6	6	0
R7	19/03/2018 to 20/03/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	90	94	3	12	12	0
R8	13/04/2018 to 04/03/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	85	92	1	11	10	1
R9	18/05/2018 to 22/01/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	70	70	0	8	8	0
R10	21/11/2018 to 19/11/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	80	80.5	0	12	12	0
R11	02/06/2016 to 08/08/2018	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	258	262	1	20	18	0
R12	29/06/2020 to 02/07/2021	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	160	161	2	12	12	0
R13	03/03/2016 to 28/03/2018	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	717.12	721.12	2	24	18	0
R14	15/10/2018 to 15/01/2020	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	734.43	802.51	1	15	15	0
R15	15/10/2018 to 15/01/2020	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	707.04	788.35	2	15	15	0
R16	01/02/2019 to 01/08/2021	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	2,318.12	2,070.08	1	30	24	6
R17	17/10/2016 to 17/04/2017	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	58.12	140.62	0	23	6	6
R18	19/12/2013 to 19/12/2014	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	138.09	138.09	0	18	12	6
R19	16/10/2017 to 16/04/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	911.18	911.18	0	18	18	0
R20	20/11/2018 to 19/11/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	774.97	791.99	1	24	12	6
R21	12/02/2019 to 13/11/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	711.8	716.82	1	15	9	6
R22	08/03/2019 to 07/03/2020	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	1,230.62	1,233.38	0	12	12	0
R23	11/10/2018 to 11/10/2019	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	2,730.71	2,749.15	1	15	12	0
R24	05/04/2019 to 04/04/2021	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	14,079	15,118	1	36	24	6
R25	08/03/2019 to 08/03/2020	Yes	Yes	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	406.05	406.22	1	12	12	0

Parametric analysis_

Impact level	Percentage CG	Number of change orders	Percentage increase per change order	Percentage time growth
Maximum negative impact	R17	R3	R14	R17
	R15	R7	R8	R2
	R14	R5	R24	R13
	R8	R12	R15	R20
	R24	R13	R20	R23
	R4	R15	R11	R24
	R7	R6	R7	R11
Significant negative impact	R3	R8	R3	R1
	R20	R11	R21	R3
	R11	R14	R23	R4
	R21	R16	R12	R5
	R23	R20	R13	R6
	R10	R21	R25	R7
Reasonable negative impact	R12	R23	R1	R8
	R13	R24	R2	R9
	R22	R25	R4	R10
	R25	R1	R5	R12
	R1	R2	R6	R14
	R5	R4	R9	R15
Minimum negative impact	R6	R9	R10	R16
	R9	R10	R17	R18
	R18	R17	R18	R19
	R19	R18	R19	R21
	R16	R19	R22	R22
	R2	R22	R16	R25

Weights of parameters_

Project	Maximum negative impact	Significant negative impact	Reasonable negative impact	Minimum negative impact
R1	0	0.25	0.75	0
R2	0.25	0	0.50	0.25
R3	0.25	0.75	0	0
R4	0.25	0.25	0.50	0
R5	0.25	0.25	0.50	0
R6	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
R7	0.75	0.25	0	0
R8	0.50	0.25	0.25	0
R9	0	0	0.50	0.50
R10	0	0.25	0.25	0.50
R11	0.50	0.50	0	0
R12	0.25	0.50	0.25	0
R13	0.50	0.25	0.25	0
R14	0.50	0.25	0.25	0
R15	0.75	0	0.25	0
R16	0	0.25	0	0.75
R17	0.50	0	0	0.50
R18	0	0	0	1
R19	0	0	0	1
R20	0.50	0.50	0	0
R21	0	0.75	0	0.25
R22	0	0	0.25	0.75
R23	0.25	0.50	0.25	0
R24	0.75	0	0.25	0
R25	0	0.25	0.50	0.25

Effective pre-qualification systems – Are they essential for minimising delays on road projects?

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1:

Mathematical formulas for the project performance criterion (Gransberg et al_ 1999)_

Computations of four project performance measures_

Frequency of parameters segregated as per impact on project_

Project-specific parameters considered for analysis; representation of data obtained_

Parametric analysis_

Weights of parameters_

Paradigm

My account

Project	Maximum negative impact	Significant negative impact	Reasonable negative impact	Minimum negative impact
R1	0	1	3	0
R2	1	0	2	1
R3	1	3	0	0
R4	1	1	2	0
R5	1	1	2	0
R6	1	1	1	1
R7	3	1	0	0
R8	2	1	1	0
R9	0	0	2	2
R10	0	1	1	2
R11	2	2	0	0
R12	1	2	1	0
R13	2	1	1	0
R14	2	1	1	0
R15	3	0	1	0
R16	0	1	0	3
R17	2	0	0	2
R18	0	0	0	4
R19	0	0	0	4
R20	2	2	0	0
R21	0	3	0	1
R22	0	0	1	3
R23	1	2	1	0
R24	3	0	1	0
R25	0	1	2	1

Project	Maximum negative impact	Significant negative impact	Reasonable negative impact	Minimum negative impact
R1	0	1	3	0
R2	1	0	2	1
R3	1	3	0	0
R4	1	1	2	0
R5	1	1	2	0
R6	1	1	1	1
R7	3	1	0	0
R8	2	1	1	0
R9	0	0	2	2
R10	0	1	1	2
R11	2	2	0	0
R12	1	2	1	0
R13	2	1	1	0
R14	2	1	1	0
R15	3	0	1	0
R16	0	1	0	3
R17	2	0	0	2
R18	0	0	0	4
R19	0	0	0	4
R20	2	2	0	0
R21	0	3	0	1
R22	0	0	1	3
R23	1	2	1	0
R24	3	0	1	0
R25	0	1	2	1

Project	Maximum negative impact	Significant negative impact	Reasonable negative impact	Minimum negative impact
R1	0	1	3	0
R2	1	0	2	1
R3	1	3	0	0
R4	1	1	2	0
R5	1	1	2	0
R6	1	1	1	1
R7	3	1	0	0
R8	2	1	1	0
R9	0	0	2	2
R10	0	1	1	2
R11	2	2	0	0
R12	1	2	1	0
R13	2	1	1	0
R14	2	1	1	0
R15	3	0	1	0
R16	0	1	0	3
R17	2	0	0	2
R18	0	0	0	4
R19	0	0	0	4
R20	2	2	0	0
R21	0	3	0	1
R22	0	0	1	3
R23	1	2	1	0
R24	3	0	1	0
R25	0	1	2	1