Figure 1.
![Noise map of Lodz for the years 2017–2022Source: WFOŚiGW, https://mapa.lodz.pl/akustyczna/ [date: 04.05.2025]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/69209a43a2cfbc128b1c420d/j_oszn-2025-0013_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKOQ33OS3Z%2F20260122%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260122T232109Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQDtw6su6839HegfqcPpz%2F3Qt7pHS3wi3BDu2WbOuSsArQIgd4xnwk2GHrCug7W9XJCYxZlgzcWrLvj7ekA7qOQLkEcqxAUI5P%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDDSuRAkmr8HSGIQHACqYBRn0sjt8QYysHkSR93I%2Bh4JlG6P48V24zQu2dCcLFgzralwWXQJXxo6Hz02bjeo6gCLgSU49vlAvIqqonOUfjMRca89EEe3hsuTyYooqEJrXVHr8j161yhcKXsZ3qZtsNM6oen0z%2FBRuhNLLAh9F0VrHfmKMSgFkI%2Fetvp11uSc4FLY2GIlHo0E4qoZMUBTinSgjms4%2BjIwSxKBNwqHchijVQodnlHxESfmp5RdSKE1p2%2B9%2BlQmGMCAtjGScpEgi%2F%2B4OiTlCnaeZNu41fOX7Xk9VXfu5j2IDJ1pJc0OkKamGzS9o%2FVI4S9g8Xe3jNW%2FDcZcKWvdzXripFw91khcXsEDCuXV6DLsKgTLegVLOnpQ%2Ft1KDs0TG4ynLGb0JnKzI79yMt40SJ6bEEqsyWnzUELdNJaIwMHiA4F6YlOZeMyIim7oENjP0E%2BU8ZzMtQB9HFfjAtBeea7BAS1aX%2Fh8Rvb7%2F%2BTFWk1jUkzdLbSZ1qA5dnZ8Jurp457NbdN9nKxyajawldwpV8eJrtIuyTnmxe%2F1lo01m3a6fglNVKxK1VxRmlAIgH2vQpm1AD3z%2FAQlktZVJKXw4%2BSB7DiRu8xRUZh%2B2LrXUV7mveoG%2B129%2FTYpyoelVaIdcs6s72%2FK4D0fZHQwLsdsUhxlLSopN1tJwoga9%2Fw4at%2FWSyLhR1En3r8YmYQjtnPiEUbSr8ADXwaJIaxA92bsqrUwh5W0ENVZ4F7y8TAkoYZNn5H4DjtLkDkYXEHgVw5yzz9g2P%2BTlVobvZ6x3wd1N9DmukaT%2Br2KIkO%2F6EX%2FyC0ubCabx0gU8nPtgaqMs204V0A90I1Z0q6jVgYudS97pRXCgiv38AgGdyaR%2FfZH6ZXaLL2w5KojjVNcWx7kxPHqzr2ow3e%2FJywY6sQHMx3MoI7Y%2BvED1gexQV2qQhv0RVu1pB2cN9R3DopA%2F%2FVRovYHJeQv%2FlEzjqluMAqtPoTK1MZPbyYv134JPd9z0hAW6DAB8c4OBIxcItw5KvLsr%2FFdJ3y97qW1sBFIjBTtNs801XRnt0T%2FM1dF7fm1BvE2fMdARFTg3iKCEEZghuA900VPX3Tgk4bdqdGmaC%2FULkj3mSiTDyLVvcdf7TyKd7AyoIbEeP%2FUjNqtHkkY%2Bzfg%3D&X-Amz-Signature=6b1d39053107e0ffda1f6df8bd88cd39fa463e37f1072a49f5e91cc00e9c17c8&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2.
![Map of Lodz used for the analysis of noise intensity in the city centreSource: ŁOG. https://nowy.log.lodz.pl/ [date: 07.01.2024]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/69209a43a2cfbc128b1c420d/j_oszn-2025-0013_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKOQ33OS3Z%2F20260122%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260122T232109Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQDtw6su6839HegfqcPpz%2F3Qt7pHS3wi3BDu2WbOuSsArQIgd4xnwk2GHrCug7W9XJCYxZlgzcWrLvj7ekA7qOQLkEcqxAUI5P%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDDSuRAkmr8HSGIQHACqYBRn0sjt8QYysHkSR93I%2Bh4JlG6P48V24zQu2dCcLFgzralwWXQJXxo6Hz02bjeo6gCLgSU49vlAvIqqonOUfjMRca89EEe3hsuTyYooqEJrXVHr8j161yhcKXsZ3qZtsNM6oen0z%2FBRuhNLLAh9F0VrHfmKMSgFkI%2Fetvp11uSc4FLY2GIlHo0E4qoZMUBTinSgjms4%2BjIwSxKBNwqHchijVQodnlHxESfmp5RdSKE1p2%2B9%2BlQmGMCAtjGScpEgi%2F%2B4OiTlCnaeZNu41fOX7Xk9VXfu5j2IDJ1pJc0OkKamGzS9o%2FVI4S9g8Xe3jNW%2FDcZcKWvdzXripFw91khcXsEDCuXV6DLsKgTLegVLOnpQ%2Ft1KDs0TG4ynLGb0JnKzI79yMt40SJ6bEEqsyWnzUELdNJaIwMHiA4F6YlOZeMyIim7oENjP0E%2BU8ZzMtQB9HFfjAtBeea7BAS1aX%2Fh8Rvb7%2F%2BTFWk1jUkzdLbSZ1qA5dnZ8Jurp457NbdN9nKxyajawldwpV8eJrtIuyTnmxe%2F1lo01m3a6fglNVKxK1VxRmlAIgH2vQpm1AD3z%2FAQlktZVJKXw4%2BSB7DiRu8xRUZh%2B2LrXUV7mveoG%2B129%2FTYpyoelVaIdcs6s72%2FK4D0fZHQwLsdsUhxlLSopN1tJwoga9%2Fw4at%2FWSyLhR1En3r8YmYQjtnPiEUbSr8ADXwaJIaxA92bsqrUwh5W0ENVZ4F7y8TAkoYZNn5H4DjtLkDkYXEHgVw5yzz9g2P%2BTlVobvZ6x3wd1N9DmukaT%2Br2KIkO%2F6EX%2FyC0ubCabx0gU8nPtgaqMs204V0A90I1Z0q6jVgYudS97pRXCgiv38AgGdyaR%2FfZH6ZXaLL2w5KojjVNcWx7kxPHqzr2ow3e%2FJywY6sQHMx3MoI7Y%2BvED1gexQV2qQhv0RVu1pB2cN9R3DopA%2F%2FVRovYHJeQv%2FlEzjqluMAqtPoTK1MZPbyYv134JPd9z0hAW6DAB8c4OBIxcItw5KvLsr%2FFdJ3y97qW1sBFIjBTtNs801XRnt0T%2FM1dF7fm1BvE2fMdARFTg3iKCEEZghuA900VPX3Tgk4bdqdGmaC%2FULkj3mSiTDyLVvcdf7TyKd7AyoIbEeP%2FUjNqtHkkY%2Bzfg%3D&X-Amz-Signature=0c3890863105586a3bbf80d0838be080d1d462db76d4a072d98c73cad453f008&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Photograph 1.
Figure 3.
Locations in the city centre of Lodz most exposed to noise – distribution of responses obtained from survey participants
| Number of responses | LOCATIONS OF NOISE PERCEPTION |
|---|---|
| Lines (Streets) | |
| 12 | Piłsudski Street |
| 10 | Mickiewicz Street; Piotrkowska Street |
| 7 | Kościuszko Street; Zachodnia Street |
| 4 | John Paul II Avenue; Kiliński Street; Uniwersytecka Street |
| 2 | Dąbrowski Street; Legionów Street; Lutomierska Street; Sporna Street; Struga Street; Wojska Polskiego Street |
| 1 | Bandurski Street; Łąkowa Street; Narutowicz Street; Politechniki Avenue; POW Avenue (Polish Independence Avenue); Północna Street; Przybyszewski Street; 1905 Revolution Street; Scheibler Family Street; Rzgowska Street; Sienkiewicz Street |
Classification of solutions developed during the workshop according to the method proposed by Shinjini Guha [2023]
| Type of Solution (Number of Proposals) | Detailed Description and Examples of Solutions |
|---|---|
| Source-Based Solutions (n = 6) | A shopping mall modelled after Forum Gdansk (noted for being quieter than the Manufaktura shopping and leisure complex); banning car access to Piotrkowska Street during evening hours; designating quiet hours on the street; relocating louder events to enclosed indoor venues; banning cars from entering the city centre; and restrictions on alcohol sales during specific evening/nighttime hours. |
| Environmental Solutions (n = 12) | Quiet hours in stores and shopping centres; quiet zones on buses; soundproof windows; window sealing; barriers separating residential buildings from the street; soundproof chambers; silent bar/club; systems for masking noise from loud neighbours; quiet rooms; audio-based lectures; online events; green walls. |
| Individual Solutions (n = 16) | Apartments with treadmills located in a peaceful green area; noise-cancelling headphones; portable organizers that balance work and rest time; sound-absorbing foam panels; mobile wall soundproofing panels; blood-cortisol level meters; daily planner apps; compact, discreet earplugs; window sealing; camper vans for retreats; soundproof tents; apps to reduce client contact; supplements to reduce sensory noise perception; app for identifying the quietest travel routes; apps showing bus crowd levels. |
Identification of factors contributing to noise pollution in the city centre of Lodz – workshop participants' indications
| Factors Related to Noise Exposure | Respondents' Answers |
|---|---|
| Location of Noise Experiences | Dormitories; university campus; cafeteria; shopping malls; gyms; personal apartments; residential neighbourhoods; trams; workplaces, Piotrkowska Street; along the route to university; public transportation; nightclubs. |
| Time of Day | During the day, in crowded places; in the evening; in the afternoon after returning from work; in the morning; during working hours; always; throughout the day and night; while travelling. |
| Sources of Noise | Loud conversations and music; nightlife on Piotrkowska Street (loud music, cars, conversations, shouting and laughing); conversations with people and clients at work; tram rides (noise caused by trams and passengers); public transportation; old buses; construction works; and the university (loud students, crowds). |
| Effects of Noise Exposure | Sleep deprivation and sleep difficulties; fatigue; lack of energy; difficulty concentrating; sensory overload; headaches; nervousness; becoming more conflict-prone; decreased physical and mental resilience; irritability; tension; anger and frustration; watching TV as a way to mask the noise; reluctance to engage with others; general dissatisfaction with life; difficulties in studying. |
| Desired Immediate Changes | Moving to a new place; finding time to cook; awareness of potential overstimulation; better soundproofing of the apartment; noise-cancelling accessories; using a bicycle/taxi instead of the tram; meditation; protests against construction works; silent parties; a car-free city centre; enforcement of night-time quiet hours. |