Costs and benefits of reducing air pollutant emissions as a result of bringing coal and lignite-fired power plants into compliance with BAT LCP conclusions

Fuel type	2017			After adjustment to the BAT conclusions
Fuel type	SO₂ Pcee [kg/GJ]	NO_x Pcee [kg/GJ]	TSP Pcee [kg/GJ]	SO₂ Pcee [kg/GJ]	NO_x Pcee [kg/GJ]	TSP Pcee [kg/GJ]
Coal	0.186	0.254	0.0113	0.119	0.135	0.0075
Lignite¹⁾	0.282	0.231	0.0120	0.146	0.187	0.0086

1) Production emission factors without Adamów plant

Pcee – gross equivalent production (Pc+Pee)

Emission volumes for examined pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants fired by coal in 2017 and after adjustment to the BAT conclusions and percentage reduction rates

Emission volumes for examined pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants fired by lignite in 2017 and after adjustment to the BAT conclusions and percentage reduction rates

Total emissions of pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants, fired by coal and lignite in 2017 and after adaptation to BAT LCP conclusions and percentage reduction rates

Table 2.

Avoided emissions from combustion of the examined fuels in different types of boilers due to compliance with the BAT LCP conclusions

Type of boiler and fuel	Power rate [MWt]	Avoided emissions [Mg/year]
Type of boiler and fuel	Power rate [MWt]	SO₂	NO_x	TSP
KP-WK	300–1000	7 407	3 760	389
KP-WK	≥1000	8 403	24 491	540
KF-WK	300–1000	319	350	0¹⁾
KF-WK	≥1000	0¹⁾	16	0¹⁾
KP-WB	300–1000	1 111	706	49
KP-WB	≥1000	22 423	7 387	152
KF-WB	≥1000	1 460	0¹⁾	430
Total		41 123	36 710	1 560

1) BAT-AELs were met in the baseline year

KP – pulverized coal boiler, KF – fluidized bed boiler, WK –coal, WB – lignite

Table 3.

Average operating hours of facilities based on data from the Ministry of Environment [Podręcznik dotyczący zasad udzielania odstępstw… 2017]

Technology	Operating hours [h/year]
KP-WK	4000
KF-WK	5500
KP-WB	5800
KF-WB	6500

1) The assumed.operating hours: 1000 h/year

KP - pulverized coal boiler, KF - fluidized bed boiler, WK - coal, WB - lignite

Table 4.

Unit costs of SO₂, NO_x, and TSP emission reductions for existing LCP facilities with no high-efficiency flue gas cleaning systems

Type of boiler and fuel	Power rate [MWt]	CAPEX and OPEX 2021 [EURO/Mg]
Type of boiler and fuel	Power rate [MWt]	SO₂	NO_x	TSP
KP-WK	300–1000	565.53	720.11	6.60
KP-WK	≥1000	630.49	605.88	4.50
KF-WK	300–1000	379.61	968.25	4.73¹⁾
KF-WK	≥1000	363.68¹⁾	764.28	3.20¹⁾
KP-WB	300–1000	388.39	576.90	10.04
KP-WB	≥1000	330.79	479.67	6.81
KF-WB	300–1000	350.07	694.67	4.05
KF-WB	≥1000	291.20	549.01¹⁾	2.75

1) Due to the fulfillment of BAT-AELs in the baseline year, the category not included in further calculations

KP – pulverized coal boiler, KF – fluidized bed boiler, WK –coal, WB – lignite

Table 5.

Total costs of reducing emissions of the examined pollutants from coal and lignite combustion, related to compliance with BAT LCP Conclusions

Type of fuel	Costs of reducing emissions [EURO/year]
Type of fuel	SO₂	NO_x	TSP
Coal	9 608 019	17 897 638	4 996
Lignite	8 274 080	3 950 497	2 715
Total	17 882 099	21 848 135	7 710

Table 6.

Unit external costs of air pollution and total benefits of reductions due to compliance with BAT LCP conclusions.

Pollutants	SO₂	NO_x	PM₁₀	PM_2.5
Avoided emission [Mg/year]	41 123	36 710	1 092	468
Unit external costs of emissions [EURO/Mg]	14 289	8 457	27 684	42 634
Total benefits [EURO/year]	587 613 339	310 458 410	30 230 085	19 952 156
Total benefits [EURO/year]	587 613 339	310 458 410	50 182 241¹⁾

1) Total reduction of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 fractions

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2023-0010 | Journal eISSN: 2353-8589 | Journal ISSN: 1230-7831

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Language: English

Page range: 62 - 68

Published on: Dec 31, 2023

Published by: National Research Institute, Institute of Environmental Protection

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

BAT LCP conclusions,

costs and benefits,

coal and lignite-fired power plants,

BAT compliance

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Ecology

© 2023 Janusz Lewandowski, Krzysztof Melka, Anna Dubel, Maria Kłeczek, published by National Research Institute, Institute of Environmental Protection
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 34 (2023): Issue 4 (December 2023)

Costs and benefits of reducing air pollutant emissions as a result of bringing coal and lignite-fired power plants into compliance with BAT LCP conclusions

Figures & Tables

Table 1.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

Table 5.

Table 6.

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