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Stabilisation of the power grid with a hydrogen energy buffer Cover

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Diagram of the hydrogen buffer structure with the local control system Source: authors’ research

Figure 2.

Simplified diagram of a 15 kV network with a buffer connected to 15 kV busbars at 110/15 kV substation Source: authors’ research

Figure 3:

Selected plots of the amount of energy flowing through the substation, consumed by the electrolyser, produced by the fuel cell, and the amount of hydrogen accumulated at a given moment in the tank for the electrolyser with the power of Pel=600 kW and fuel cell PFC=300 kW. Source: own study

Figure 4.

Selected plots of the amount of energy flowing through the substation, consumed by the electrolyser, produced by the fuel cell and the amount of hydrogen accumulated at a given moment in the tank for an electrolyser with the power of Pel=1200 kW and fuel cell PFC=400 kW. Source: own study

Figure 5.

The recorded average power – one minute – in the period of: 7 days and 1 day in one of the analysed substations Source: authors’ research

Figure 6.

Histogram of mean power and histogram of increases in one-minute mean power for data recorded over a period of 7 days in one of the analysed substations Source: authors’ research

Summary of the best locations by energy input to the tank for an electrolyser with power Pel=600 kW and fuel cell PFC=300 kW (3 years period)_

Substation #Ein [kWh]E°[%]Sr[%]Lh[%]
15152335,021,099,750,3
23322051,244,094,144,3
33297222,136,1100,052,5
42063680,835,298,953,6
51795629,035,898,654,6
61356882,052,098,860,3
7552946,279,299,971,7
8530813,456,1100,089,0
991751,042,7100,062,4
1013021,088,8100,086,2
11258,0100,0100,0100,0
1212,0100,0100,0100,0
134,8100100,0100,0
140,0NaN100,0100,0
150,0NaN100,0100,0
160,0NaN100,0100,0
170,0NaN100,0100,0

Summary of the best locations by energy input to the tank for an electrolyser with power Pel=1200 kW and fuel cell PFC=400 kW (3 years period)_

Substation #Ein [kWh]E°[%]Sr[%]Lh[%]
19269838,038,199,430,0
25459297,059,7100,039,9
34315272,070,590,531,9
42875046,457,597,039,2
52517778,259,996,837,8
61750292,479,297,438,4
7792876,683,8100,085,2
8642562,294,599,842,7
9136114,863,4100,055,9
1014658,0100,0100,061,8
11258,0100,0100,0100,0
1212,0100,0100,0100,0
134,8100,0100,0100,0
140,0NaN100,0100,0
150,0NaN100,0100,0
160,0NaN100,0100,0
170,0NaN100,0100,0

Summary of the best locations by energy input to the buffer for an electrolyser with power Pel=600 kW and fuel cell PFC=300 kW (1 year period)_

Substation#Ein [kWh]E° [%]Sr [%]maxΔP-avgΔP-maxΔP+avgΔP+
11 173 800,040,690,32 774,4466,13 307,2811,2
21 036 400,037,5100,03 105,0306,012 272,01 921,6
3807 930,032,697,93 091,2184,34 965,6854,4
4676 190,034,198,53 254,4175,25 316,01 171,2
5668 230,047,499,72 709,0114,0147721 543,5
6530 710,056,1100,02 090,455,23 268,8530,4
7520 260,048,198,72 035,255,23 424,8686,4
8378 380,075,499,81 387,226,41 644,0403,2
944 074,035,2100,03 222,604 810,2980,0
1010 888,086,9100,0628,807 202,41 068,0
114,8100,0100,04,803 979,2451,2
120NaN100,00011 751,01 080,0
130NaN100,0004 987,2660,0
140NaN100,0009 900,01 128,0
150NaN100,0009 601,2961,0
160NaN100,0002 762,4338,4
170NaN100,00014 982,01 188,6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2022-0012 | Journal eISSN: 2353-8589 | Journal ISSN: 1230-7831
Language: English
Page range: 19 - 28
Published on: Dec 31, 2022
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Related subjects:

© 2022 Szymon Banaszak, Marcin Biegun, Stefan Domek, Paweł Dworak, Daniel Figurowski, Michał Kubicki, Olgierd Małyszko, Przemysław Orłowski, Michał Zeńczak, published by National Research Institute, Institute of Environmental Protection
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.