References
- Ahva, L., Van Dalen, A., Hovden, J. F., Kolbeins, G. H., Löfgren Nilsson, M., Skovsgaard, M., & Väliverronen, J. (2017). A welfare state of mind? Nordic journalists’ conception of their role and autonomy in international context. Journalism Studies, 18(5), 595–613.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1249005 - Ala-Fossi, M., Grönlund, M., Hellman, H., Lehtisaari, K., Karppinen, K., & Nieminen, H. (2023). Prioritising national competitiveness over support for democracy? Finnish media policy in the 21st Century. Studia Europejskie – Studies in European Affairs, 26(4), 149–175.
https://doi.org/10.33067/SE.4.2022.6 - Anderson, A. (2017). Source influence on journalistic decisions and news coverage of climate change. In Oxford research encyclopedia of climate science. Oxford University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.356 - Appelgren, E., & Jönsson, A. M. (2021). Engaging citizens for climate change – challenges for journalism. Digital Journalism, 9(6), 755–772.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2020.1827965 - Berglez, P. (2011). Inside, outside, and beyond media logic: Journalistic creativity in climate reporting. Media, Culture & Society, 33(3), 449–465.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443710394903 - Bjarnadóttir, S., Sæmundsdóttir, I., Ólafsdóttir, S., & Árnason, Þ. (2021). Has awareness of the environment increased? The views of Icelanders towards environmental issues and heavy industries 1987–2017. Icelandic Review of Politics & Administration, 17(1), 49–77.
https://doi.org/10.13177/irpa.a.2021.17.1.3 - Bjærke, M. R., & Andersen, I. V. (2023). Naturkrisen – en global krise for lokal natur? [Nature crisis – a global crisis for local nature?] Nytt Norsk Tidsskrift, 40(2–3), 94–104.
https://doi.org/10.18261/nnt.40.2-3.2 - Boykoff, M. T., & Boykoff, J. M. (2004). Balance as bias: Global warming and the US prestige press. Global Environmental Change, 14(2), 125–136.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2003.10.001 - Brüggemann, M. (2017). Shifting roles of science journalists covering climate change. In Oxford research encyclopedia of climate science.
https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.354 - Brüggemann, M., & Engesser, S. (2014). Between consensus and denial: Climate journalists as interpretive community. Science Communication, 36(4), 399–427.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547014533662 - Brüggemann, M., Lörcher, I., & Walter, S. (2020). Post-normal science communication: Exploring the blurring boundaries of science and journalism. Journal of Science Communication, 19(3), A02.
https://doi.org/10.22323/2.19030202 - Bødker, H., & Morris, H. E. (Eds.). (2021). Climate change and journalism: Negotiating rifts of time (1st ed.). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003090304 - Cheng, H., & Gonzalez-Ramirez, J. (2021). Trust and the media: Perceptions of climate change news sources among US college students. Postdigital Science and Education, 3, 910–933.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00163-y - Donsbach, W. (2008). Journalists’ role perception. In W. Donsbach (Ed.), The international encyclopedia of communication (pp. 1–5). Blackwell.
- Duarte, K., & Eide, E. (2018). Når vitenskapen skal «ut»: Fra klimarapport til klimajournalistikk. [When the science is communicated: From climate report to climate journalism.] Norsk medietidsskrift, 25(3), 1–18.
https://doi.org/10.18261/ISSN.0805-9535-2018-03-02 - Esser, F., & Umbricht, A. (2014). The evolution of objective and interpretative journalism in the western press: Comparing six news systems since the 1960s. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 91(2), 229–249.
https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-107954 - European Union. (2023). Special Eurobarometer SP538: Climate change [dataset]. Directorate-General for Communication.
http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/s2954_99_3_sp538_eng - Fahy, D., & Nisbet, M. C. (2011). The science journalist online: Shifting roles and emerging practices. Journalism, 12(7), 778–793.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884911412697 - Ferrucci, P., & Vos, T. (2017). Who’s in, who’s out? Constructing the identity of digital journalists. Digital Journalism, 5(7), 868–883.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1208054 - Fréttablaðið. (2005, July 28). Mótmælendur setja upp nýjar tjaldbúðir [Protesters set up a new tent camp]. Fréttablaðið, p. 2.
- From, U., & Kristensen, N. N. (2019). Unpacking lifestyle journalism via service journalism and constructive journalism. In L. Vodanovic (Ed.), Lifestyle journalism: Social media, consumption and experience (pp. 13–25). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351123389 - Hansen, A., & Cox, R. (Eds.). (2015). The Routledge handbook of environment and communication (1st ed.). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315887586 - Hanusch, F., & Banjac, S. (2018). Studying role conceptions in the digital age: A critical appraisal. In S. Eldridge II, & B. Franklin (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of developments in digital journalism studies (pp. 28–39). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315270449 - Hase, V., Mahl, D., Schäfer, M. S., & Keller, T. R. (2021). Climate change in news media across the globe: An automated analysis of issue attention and themes in climate change coverage in 10 countries (2006–2018). Global Environmental Change, 70, 102353.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102353 - Hovden, J. F., & Väliverronen, J. (2021). Nordic journalists’ conceptual roles and perceived influences: A European and inter-Nordic comparison. Nordicom Review, 42(1), 141–161.
https://doi.org/10.2478/nor-2021-0034 - Hujanen, J. (2016). Participation and the blurring values of journalism. Journalism Studies, 17(7), 871–880.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1171164 - Johansson, B., & Strömbäck, J. (2022). På dagordningen [On the agenda]. In B. Johansson, J. Strömbäck, Valet 2022: Politiken, medierna & nyhetsagendan [The election 2022: The politics, media, & the news agenda] (pp. 62–85). Institutet för mediestudier.
- Keller, T. R., Hase, V., Thaker, J., Mahl, D., & Schäfer, M. S. (2020). News media coverage of climate change in India 1997–2016: Using automated content analysis to assess themes and topics. Environmental Communication, 14(2), 219–235.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2019.1643383 - Knudsen, E. (2022). Medieundersøkelsen 2022: Bør klimaforskerne fortelle oss at det går til helvete? [Should climate researchers tell us this is going to hell?] [Conference presentation] Nordiske mediedager [Nordic media days] 2022, Bergen, Norway.
https://nordiskemediedager.no/sesjoner/medieundersokelsen-bor-klimaforskerne-fortelle-oss-at-det-gar-til-helvete - Kvale, S. (1996). InterViews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Sage.
- Lyytimäki, J. (2020). Environmental journalism in the Nordic countries. In D. B. Sachsman, & J. M. Valenti (Eds.), Routledge handbook of environmental journalism (pp. 221–233). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351068406 - Mellado, C. (2015). Professional roles in news content. Journalism Studies, 16(4), 596–614.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.922276 - Mellado, C., Hellmueller, L., & Donsbach, W. (2017). Journalistic role performance: A new research agenda in a digital and global media environment. In C. Mellado, L. Hellmueller, & W. Donsbach (Eds.), Journalistic role performance: Concepts, contexts, and methods (pp. 1–18). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315768854 - Mellado, C., & Hermida, A. (2021). A conceptual framework for journalistic identity on social media: How the personal and professional contribute to power and profit. Digital Journalism, 10(2), 284–299.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2021.1907203 - Mellado, C., & van Dalen, A. (2013). Between rhetoric and practice: Explaining the gap between role conception and performance in journalism. Journalism Studies, 15(6), 859–878.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2013.850574 - Neff, T., & Pickard, V. (2023). Building better local media systems: A comparative policy discourse analysis of initiatives to renew journalism around the world. Journalism Studies, 24(15), 1877–1897.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2023.2253928 - Nelson, J. L. (2021). The next media regime: The pursuit of “audience engagement” in journalism. Journalism, 22(9), 2350–2367.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884919862375 - Nettlefold, J., & Pecl, G. T. (2022). Engaged journalism and climate change: Lessons from an audience-led, locally focused Australian collaboration. Journalism Practice, 16(1), 19–34,
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2020.1798272 - Nicolaisen, P. B. (2022a). A state of emergency or business as usual in climate science communication? A three-dimensional perspective on the role perceptions of climate scientists, climate journalists, and citizens. Science Communication, 44(6), 667–692.
https://doi.org/10.1177/10755470221136220 - Nicolaisen, P. B. (2022b). Role perceptions in climate science communication. Environmental Communication, 16(8), 1010–1026.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2022.2152848 - Nicolaisen, P. B. (2024). Orchestrating the climate choir: The boundaries of scientists’ expertise, the relevance of experiential knowledge, and quality assurance in the public climate debate. Climatic Change, 177(35).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-024-03697-3 - Nordic Council of Ministers. (2020). Democracy and climate engagement in the Nordic region: Same direction, different solutions.
https://doi.org/10.6027/nord2020-035 - Orkuveita Reykjavíkur. (n.d.). Saga OR og tímalína [The history of OR and timeline].
https://www.or.is/um-or/starfsemin/saga-or-og-timalina/ - Pagiotti, S., Stanziano, A., Mazzoni, M., & Mincigrucci, R. (2024, March 10). Interpreting or reporting? An analysis of journalistic interventionism across Western European countries. Journalism Practice, 1–20. Advance online publication.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2024.2326988 - Painter, J., Ettinger, J., Holmes, D., Loy, L., Pinto, J., Richardson, L., Thomas-Walters, L, Vowles K., & Wetts, R. (2023). Climate delay discourses present in global mainstream television coverage of the IPCC’s 2021 report. Communications Earth and Environment, 4, Article 118.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00760-2 - Painter, J., Kangas, J., Kunelius, R., & Russell, A. (2024). The journalism in climate change websites: Their distinct forms of specialism, content, and role perceptions. Journalism Practice, 18(4), 954–973
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2022.2065338 - Paxling, B. (2023, October 4). Klimataktivister: “Vi är enormt kritiska till mediers arbete” [Climate activists: “We are incredibly critical to the work of media”]. Journalisten.
https://tinyurl.com/yya8ty4z - Peeters, M., & Maeseele, P. (2023, February 15). The interpretive interface: Where journalistic and pluralistic discourses (don’t) meet. Digital Journalism, 1–19. Advance online publication.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2023.2174150 - Perälä, A. (2023). Muuttuva maailma, sopeutuva Suomi: Sisällönanalyysi ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutumisesta Helsingin Sanomissa ja Yle Uutisissa vuosina 2017–2021 [Changing world, adapting Finland: Content analysis of climate change adaptation in Helsingin Sanomat and Yle news 2017–2021]. Media & Viestintä, 46(3), 29–50.
https://doi.org/10.23983/mv.137061 - Rantanen, M., Karpechko, A. Y., Lipponen, A., Nordling, K., Hyvärinen, O., Ruosteenoja, K., Vihma, T., & Laaksonen, A. (2022). The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979. Communications Earth & Environment, 3, Article 168.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 - Reunanen, E. (Ed.). (2023). Uutismedia verkossa 2021: Reuters-instituutin digital news report Suomen maaraportti [Online news media 2021: Reuters Institute’s digital news report Finland’s country report]. Tampere Research Centre for Journalism, Communication and Media.
http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-03-2023-2 - Reunanen, E., & Koljonen, K. (2018). Not partisans, but participants: The quantity and quality of journalistic interventionism in Finnish journalists’ professional ethos. Journalism Studies, 19(5), 726–744.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1204940 - Robbins, D., & Wheatley, D. (2021). Complexity, objectivity, and shifting roles: Environmental correspondents march to a changing beat. Journalism Practice, 15(9), 1289–1306.
- Salgado, S., & Strömbäck, J. (2012). Interpretive journalism: A review of concepts, operationalizations and key findings. Journalism, 13(2), 144–161.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884911427797 - Schäfer, M., & Painter, J. (2021). Climate journalism in a changing media ecosystem: Assessing the production of climate change-related news around the world. WIREs Climate Change, 12(1), e675.
https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.675 - Singer, J. B. (2015). Out of bounds. In M. Carlson, & S. C. Lewis (Eds.), Boundaries of journalism: Professionalism, practices and participation (pp. 21–36). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315727684 - Sjölander, A. E. (2021). Agents of sustainable transition or place branding promotor? Local journalism and climate change in Sweden. Nordic Journal of Media Studies, 3(1), 20–39.
https://doi.org/10.2478/njms-2021-0002 - Strauss, N., Painter, J., Ettinger, J., Doutreix, M., Wonneberger, A., & Walton, P. (2022). Reporting on the 2019 European heatwaves and climate change: Journalists’ attitudes, motivations and role perceptions. Journalism Practice, 16(2–3), 462–485.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.1969988 - Syvertsen, T., Enli, G., Mjøs, O. J., & Moe, H. (2014). The media welfare state: Nordic media in the digital era. University of Michigan Press.
https://doi.org/10.3998/nmw.12367206.0001.001 - Tandoc, E. C. Jr., & Takahashi, B. (2014). Playing a crusader role or just playing by the rules? Role conceptions and role inconsistencies among environmental journalists. Journalism, 15(7), 889–907.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913501836 - Tapia, C., Sánchez-Gassen, N., & Lundgren, A. (2023). In all fairness: Perceptions of climate policies and the green transition in the Nordic region. Nordregio.
https://doi.org/10.6027/R2023:5.1403-2503 - Wakefield, S. E. L., & Elliott, S. J. (2003). Constructing the news: The role of local newspapers in environmental risk communication. The Professional Geographer, 55(2), 216–226.
https://doi.org/10.1111/0033-0124.5502009 - Willig, I., Blach-Ørsten, M., & Burkal, R. (2022). What is ‘good’ climate journalism? Public perceptions of climate journalism in Denmark. Journalism Practice, 16(2–3), 520–539.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.2016069 - World Meteorological Organization. (2024). Provisional state of the global climate 2023.
https://unric.org/sv/cop28-2023-varmaste-arets-nagonsin/ - Ytterstad, A., & Bødker, H. (2022). Climate change journalism in Norway – working with frequency around the “green shift”. Journalism Studies, 23(11), 1291–1307.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2022.2084143 - Ytterstad, A., Houeland, C., & Jordhus-Lier, D. (2022). Heroes of the day after tomorrow: “The oil worker” in Norwegian climate coverage 2017–2021. Journalism Practice, 16(2–3), 317–333.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.2002712
