Politicians’ social media usage in a hybrid media environment: A scoping review of the literature between 2008–2022

Themes	Subthemes	Studies
1) Social media usage by politicians (in context)	a) Politicians’ cross-media presence	Blach-Ørsten et al., 2017; Hong & Nadler, 2012; Kovic et al., 2017; Kruikemeier et al., 2018; Neihouser & Ouellet, 2022; Van Aelst et al., 2017
1) Social media usage by politicians (in context)	b) Variations in the communicative content across different media	Bode et al., 2016; Borah et al., 2018; Filimonov et al., 2016; Fowler et al., 2021; Kang et al., 2018; Karlsen & Enjolras, 2016; Mendes & Dikwal-Bot, 2022; Skovsgaard & van Dalen, 2013; Steffan & Venema, 2020; van Dalen et al., 2015
c) Perceived importance and role of social media in politicians’ broader strategies	Bor, 2014; D’heer, 2018; Enli & Skogerbø, 2013; Giasson et al., 2019; Guðmundsson, 2016, 2019; Guðmundsson et al., 2019; Jungherr, 2016a; Klinger & Russmann, 2017; Kreiss & McGregor, 2022; Larsson & Skogerbø, 2018; Lilleker et al., 2015; Magin et al., 2017; McGregor, 2020; Paatelainen et al., 2022; Park & Suiter, 2021
2) Variations in politicians’ social and traditional media usage	a) Equalisation versus normalisation	Bode et al., 2016; Fowler et al., 2021; Guðmundsson, 2016, 2019; Kruikemeier et al., 2018; Neihouser & Ouellet, 2022; Skovsgaard & van Dalen, 2013; Steffan & Venema, 2020; Van Aelst et al., 2017
b) Social media in populist communication	Casero-Ripollés et al., 2016; de Vreese et al., 2018; Ernst et al., 2019; Gil de Zúñiga et al., 2020; Postill, 2018; Suiter et al., 2018
3) Broader effects of the emergence of social media in politics	a) Effects on the political output (i.e., how politics and political communication is conducted)	Chadwick & Stromer-Galley, 2016; D’heer, 2018; Fisher et al., 2018; Giasson et al., 2019; Grusell & Nord, 2020; Guðmundsson et al., 2019; Jost, 2022; Jungherr et al., 2020; Laube, 2020; Ridge-Newman, 2020; Schäfer, 2021; Serazio, 2015; Vaccari, 2010
b) Effects on the political outcome (i.e., on political support, electoral results, etc.)	Blach-Ørsten et al., 2017; Borah et al., 2018; Hong & Nadler, 2012; Karlsen & Enjolras, 2016; Kovic et al., 2017; Van Aelst et al., 2017

[i] Comments: Table 1 provides an overview of the themes and subthemes identified in the literature and the studies which formed these themes. A study can appear more than once if it addresses more than one theme.

TABLE 2

Data collection method by themes (N)

	Interviews	Survey	Documents	Ethnographic methods	Theoretical contribution
Politicians’ crossmedia presence	0	1	6	0	0
Variations in the communicative content across different media	0	1	11	0	0
Perceived importance and role of social media in politicians’ broader strategies	9	6	3	1	0
Equalisation versus normalisation	0	4	7	0	0
Social media in populist communication	0	0	2	1	3
Effects on the political output	7	2	3	2	2
Effects on the pollical outcome	1	1	5	0	0

[i] Comments: N reflects the number of times a data collection method is used in the studies addressing each theme. The total number may exceed 49 because some studies cover multiple themes by using multiple data collection methods. For a comprehensive overview of how the articles were coded, see Supplement 1. See Appendix 1 for source information.

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/nor-2023-0010 | Journal eISSN: 2001-5119 | Journal ISSN: 1403-1108

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Language: English

Page range: 172 - 193

Published on: Jun 23, 2023

Published by: University of Gothenburg Nordicom

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

political communication,

social media,

politicians’ cross-media strategies,

Related subjects:

Communication science,

Mass communication,

Public and political communication

© 2023 Majbritt K. Severin-Nielsen, published by University of Gothenburg Nordicom
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 44 (2023): Issue 2 (June 2023)