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Pine as a Predator Deterrent for Northern Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin terrapin) Nests Cover

Pine as a Predator Deterrent for Northern Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin terrapin) Nests

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Open Access
|Sep 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

(A – B). Nest protected with pine branches and pine cones: with cage (A) and without cage (B).

Table 1

Pine, No Pine, and Seaweed nest outcomes.

Nest OutcomePineNo PineSeaweedTotal
Full Predation092092
Decoy812121
Emergence657274
Still Incubating130013
Non-viable0314
Total Nests861144204
Figure 2.

(A – D). Predation of nests without pine or seaweed protection: (A) predated nest without cage; (B) predated nest with cage knocked over; (C) predated caged nest with paver; (D) predated nest with paver pushed off of the cage.

Figure 3.

(A – B). Predation attempts (yellow arrows) near/at pine protected uncaged (A) and caged (B) nests (blue arrows). No eggs were lost with these attempts.

Figure 4.

(A – B). Predation of unprotected (no pine) uncaged (A) and caged (B) nests (yellow arrows), but no predation of nearby pine protected caged nests (blue arrows).

Table 2

pH readings recorded during 2023 and 2024 at nesting depths of 12.7 mm, 76.5 mm and 138.0 mm. In 2023, pH readings were taken in soil, next to a nest that did not contain pine. In 2024, pH was measured for pine nests, after emergence and within the walls of the nest cavity.

12.7 mm76.5 mm138.0 mm
YearCountMean pH ± SDCountMean pH ± SDCountMean pH ± SD
2023 No Pine1577.31 ± 0.261117.56 ± 0.271377.63 ± 0.18
2024 Pine567.09 ± 0.15547.53 ± 0.46527.62 ± 0.62
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/njas-2025-0007 | Journal eISSN: 0028-5455 | Journal ISSN: 0028-5455
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 10
Published on: Sep 27, 2026
Published by: New Jersey Academy of Science
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open

© 2026 Michele M. Budd, John Wnek, published by New Jersey Academy of Science
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 66 (2026): Issue 2 (September 2026)