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Predicting the Freeze-Thaw Damage Initiation in Concrete Facades with Different Surface Types Cover

Predicting the Freeze-Thaw Damage Initiation in Concrete Facades with Different Surface Types

Nordic Concrete Research
Volume 72 (2025): Issue 1 (June 2025)
By: Niko Lindman,  Toni Pakkala and  Jukka Lahdensivu  
Open Access
|Jul 2025

Authors

Niko Lindman

niko.lindman@tuni.fi

Doctoral Researcher, Tampere University, Finland

Toni Pakkala

toni.pakkala@tuni.fi

University Lecturer, Tampere University, Finland

Jukka Lahdensivu

jukka.lahdensivu@tuni.fi

Research Manager, P.O. Box 600, FI-33014, Tampere University, Finland
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2025-0006 | Journal eISSN: 2545-2819 | Journal ISSN: 0800-6377
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Language: English
Page range: 47 - 61
Submitted on: Feb 17, 2025
Accepted on: Jun 10, 2025
Published on: Jul 3, 2025
Published by: Nordic Concrete Federation
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
service life model,
freeze-thaw damage,
climatic exposure,
durability of concrete
Related subjects:
Materials sciences,
Materials processing

© 2025 Niko Lindman, Toni Pakkala, Jukka Lahdensivu, published by Nordic Concrete Federation
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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