Table 1
Elements present in the AA8090 material [8].
| Composition | Li | Cu | Mg | Fe | Zn | Ti | Zr | Cr | Mn | Si | Al |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (%) | 2.6 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | Bal. |
Table 2
Characteristics of the AA8090 material [8].
| Details | Values |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm3) | 2.54 |
| Hardness (HV) | 158 |
| Melting point (°C) | 600 |
| Modulus of elasticity (GPa) | 77 |
| Tensile strength (MPa) | 515 |
Table 3
Characteristics of the CeO2 particles [14].
| Details | Values |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm3) | 7.6 |
| Melting point (°C) | 2,340 |
| Vickers hardness (MPa) | 270 |
| Young’s modulus (GPa) | 34 |
| Molecular weight | 172.12 |
Figure 1
(a) Composite preparation steps, (b) stir casting equipment, and (c) stir-casted pieces.
Table 4
Composite design details.
| Composites | AA8090 (wt%) | CeO2 (wt%) |
|---|---|---|
| AA8090 | 100 | 0 |
| AA8090/1.5 wt% CeO2 | 98.5 | 1.5 |
| AA8090/3.0 wt% CeO2 | 97 | 3 |
| AA8090/4.5 wt% CeO2 | 95.5 | 4.5 |
Figure 2
Dimensions of tensile and wear specimens.
Table 5
Wear test parameters.
| Parameters | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Load (N) | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| Sliding speed (m/s) | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 |
| Sliding distance (m) | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
Figure 3
Microhardness results of the AA8090/CeO2 composite.
Figure 4
Tensile strength results of the AA8090/CeO2 composite.
Figure 5
(a) The wear rate of the AA8090/CeO2 composite with respect to load, and (b) the wear rate of the AA8090/CeO2 composite with respect to sliding velocity.
Figure 6
(a) COF values of the AA8090/CeO2 composite with respect to load, (b) COF values of the AA8090/CeO2 composite with respect to sliding velocity, and (c) COF values of the AA8090/3.0 wt% CeO2 composite with respect to time.
Figure 7
Micrographs of worn-out surfaces of (a) AA8090 and (b) AA8090/3 wt% CeO2.
Figure 8
Micrographs of (a) the fracture surface of AA8090, (b) fracture surface of AA8090/3 wt% CeO2, and (c) cross-sectional surface of AA8090/3 wt% CeO2.