Table 1
Physicochemical characteristics of raw material.
| Materials | Purity (%) | Powder size (µm) | Melting point (°C) | Density (g/cm3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gr | 95 | <20 | 3,600 | 0.4 |
| MoS2 | 98 | <2 | 2,375 | 5.06 |
| Pb | 95 | 75 | 326 | 11.3 (20°C) |
Table 2
Chemical composition of each synthesized sample.
| Sample code | Cu (wt%) | G (wt%) | MoS2 (wt%) | Pb (wt%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M4P4 | 63 | 27–28 Balanced | 4 | 4 |
| M4P4.5 | 4.5 | |||
| M4P5 | 5 | |||
| M4.5P4 | 4.5 | 4 | ||
| M4.5P4.5 | 4.5 | |||
| M4.5P5 | 5 | |||
| M5P4 | 5 | 4 | ||
| M5P4.5 | 4.5 | |||
| M5P5 | 5 |
Figure 1
DTA of powder samples before sintering.
Figure 2
(a) Variation of the measured porosities, (b) Pb wt%, (c) MoS2 (wt%), and (d) Graphite (wt%).
Figure 3
Variation of the obtained density. (a) Theoretical, (b) Pb (wt%), (c) MoS2 (wt%), and (d) Graphite (wt%).
Figure 4
(a) Variation of the achieved hardness of synthesized samples, (b) Pb (wt%), (c) MoS2 (wt%), and (d) Graphite (wt%).
Figure 5
SEM image of sample M4P5 after sintering.
Figure 6
SEM image of sample M4.5P4.5 after sintering.
Figure 7
SEM image of sample M5P4 after sintering.
Table 3
Measured results of the applied pin-on-disk wear tests on Cu–Gr–Pb–MoS2 nanocomposites.
| Sample | Weight loss (mg) | COF value |
|---|---|---|
| M4P4 | 37 | 0.44 |
| M4P4.5 | 36 | 0.43 |
| M4P5 | 36 | 0.39 |
| M4.5P4 | 38 | 0.41 |
| M4.5P4.5 | 39 | 0.40 |
| M4.5P5 | 41 | 0.39 |
| M5P4 | 42 | 0.42 |
| M5P4.5 | 42 | 0.42 |
| M5P5 | 43 | 0.41 |
| Average | 39.33 | 0.412 |
Figure 8
Variation of the COF and wear trace of samples: (a) M4P5, (b) M4.5P4.5, and (c) M5P4.
Figure 9
EDS map of sample M4.5P5.5.
Figure 10
EDS map of sample M5P4.
Figure 11
EDS map of sample M4P5.