Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Modulus and hardness values obtained for the fabricated coatings_
| Sample | Hardness (GPa) | Modulus (GPa) |
|---|---|---|
| Epoxy | 0.120 | 3.3 |
| MAl-1 | 0.144 | 3.69 |
| MAl-2 | 0.149 | 3.79 |
| MAl-3 | 0.141 | 3.62 |
Mechanical properties of produced epoxy coatings with different Al percentages_
| S. Code | DFT (µm) | Hardness (MPa) | Scratch test (kg) | Impact resistance (lb/in2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epoxy [22] | 100 ± 10 | 159 | 5.5 | 48 |
| MAl-1 | 100 ± 10 | 162 | 6.5 | 50 |
| MAl-2 | 100 ± 10 | 165 | 7 | 53 |
| MAl-3 | 100 ± 10 | 171 | 6 | 51 |
Fitted parameters from the impedance data_
| Sample code | R S/Ω (cm2) | Q1 | R P1 (MΩ cm2) | Q2 | R P2 (MΩ cm2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Y Q1 (F cm−2) | N | Y Q2 (F cm−2) | n | ||||
| MAl-1 (1 h) | 157 | 0.000546 | 0.57 | 1,358 | 0.000668 | 0.87 | 2,374 |
| MAl-2 (1 h) | 162 | 0.000142 | 0.94 | 2,568 | 0.001874 | 0.82 | 3,075 |
| MAl-3 (1 h) | 151 | 0.000152 | 0.94 | 1,856 | 0.001246 | 0.70 | 2,539 |
| MAl-1 (7 days) | 144 | 0.0006847 | 0.93 | 2,048 | 0.004785 | 0.63 | 4,480 |
| MAl-2 (7 days) | 163 | 0.000159 | 0.93 | 2,998 | 0.001915 | 0.78 | 1,010 |
| MAl-3 (7 days) | 140 | 0.001249 | 0.97 | 2,135 | 0.004288 | 0.53 | 2,339 |
| MAl-1 (14 days) | 95 | 0.000792 | 0.90 | 3,756 | 0.000576 | 0.40 | 3,676 |
| MAl-2 (14 days) | 129 | 0.000119 | 0.56 | 2,555 | 0.000965 | 0.99 | 3,916 |
| MAl-3 (14 days) | 101 | 0.001220 | 0.97 | 2,870 | 0.000709 | 0.59 | 3,224 |
| MAl-1 (21 days) | 107 | 0.000861 | 0.94 | 1,206 | 0.003905 | 0.68 | 2,202 |
| MAl-2 (21 days) | 131 | 0.0001492 | 0.94 | 5,936 | 0.000885 | 0.14 | 2,702 |
| MAl-3 (21 days) | 110 | 0.0001710 | 0.93 | 5,321 | 0.002593 | 0.81 | 2,450 |
| MAl-1 (30 days) | 113 | 0.002131 | 0.91 | 1,051 | 0.006147 | 0.65 | 1,622 |
| MAl-2 (30 days) | 121 | 0.000972 | 0.99 | 3,143 | 0.001098 | 0.56 | 2,716 |
| MAl-3 (30 days) | 98 | 0.0001236 | 0.97 | 3,161 | 0.005593 | 0.67 | 1,916 |
Formulating ingredients of the prepared epoxy coatings fabricated with MAl particles_
| Sample | Resin (g) | MIBK (ml) | Xylene (ml) | Silane | MAl powder wt% | Additives* | PA-450 (g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAl-1 | 83.34 | 8 | 8 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 15.90 |
| MAl-2 | 83.34 | 8 | 8 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 15.90 |
| MAl-3 | 83.34 | 8 | 8 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 15.90 |
Recorded temperature at various percentages of weight loss_
| S. code | T d 15% (°C) | T d 25% (°C) | T d 50% (°C) | T d 75% (°C) | Residue (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epoxy [22] | 240.22 | 360.54 | 413.03 | 435.24 | 7.88 |
| MAl-1 | 327.28 | 381.65 | 424.57 | 447.88 | 10.41 |
| MAl-2 | 334.18 | 381.29 | 425.66 | 449.11 | 10.92 |
| MAl-3 | 332.33 | 382.07 | 426.41 | 451.05 | 13.35 |