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Figure 7
Tensile performance of the unfilled and filled filaments_
| Filament | Diameter (mm) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Ultimate strain (%) | Young’s modulus (GPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLA | 1.75 ± 0.05 | 43.6 ± 2.8 | 4 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 0.2 |
| 90% PLA + 10% CGF | 1.75 ± 0.05 | 49.1 ± 3.3 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.4 |
MFI data for PLA filaments added with lignocellulosic fillers_
| Filler | Amount (wt%) | Treatment | MFI (g/10 min) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cryptostegia grandiflora | 10 | 10 vol% KOH | 5.2 (200°C) | Here |
| Sugar palm fiber | 2.5 | 6 vol% NaOH | 17.6 (190°C) | [21] |
| 2 vol% silane | ||||
| Hemp hurds | 10 | No treatment | 2.16 (190°C) | [22] |
| Almond shell powder | 10 | 5 wt% NaOH | 11.92 (160°C) | [23] |
| Walnut shell powder | 10 | 5 wt% NaOH | 11.7 (160°C) | [23] |