Evaluating the bioactivity of endodontic sealers with respect to their thermo-nanomechanical properties

Sealer	Composition	Setting time (min)	Manufacturer
CERASEAL	Calcium silicates, zirconium oxide, thickening agent	210	Meta Biomed Co., Cheongju, Korea
MTA Fillapex	Base paste: Salicylate resin, natural resin, calcium tungstate, nanoparticulated silica, pigments Catalyst paste: Diluting resin, tricalcium silicate, di-calcium silicate, calcium oxide, tricalcium aluminate, nanoparticulated silica, pigments.	130	Angelus Dental Solutions, Londrina, PR, Brazil
SEALAPEX	Base paste: sulphonamide resin, N-ethyl toluene, silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide; Catalyst paste: isobutyl salicylate resin, silicon dioxide, bismuth trioxide, titanium dioxide, pigments	1400	SybronEndo - Sybron Dental Specialties, Glendona, CA, USA
AH Plus	Paste A: bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, calcium tungstate, zirconium oxide, silica, iron oxide pigments; Paste B: dibenzylamine, aminoadamantane, tricyclodecane-diamide, calcium tungstate, zirconium oxide, silica, silicone oil	480	Dentsply Sirona, York, PA, USA

TGA and DTG thermograms of CERASEAL root sealer

TGA and DTG thermograms of SEALAPEX root canal sealer

TGA and DTG thermograms of AH PLUS root canal sealer

Load-displacement curves recorded on the surface of the specimens: a) CERASEAL; b) MTA FILLAPEX; c) SEALAPEX and d) AH PLUS

Box plot graphical representation of hardness values obtained from nanoindentation tests as a function of contact depth for each specimen (*p values < 0.01)

Table 2.

Measurement of pH, Ca2⁺ and PO₄³⁻ ions in SBF solution, at different time point

Sample	1 day	7 days	14 days	21 days	28 days
	pH
CERASEAL	10.2 ± 0.9^a	11.7 ± 0.9^a	9.7 ± 0.1^a	9.2 ± 0.2^a	8.7 ± 0.5^a
MTA FILLAPEX	9.2 ± 0.1^b	9.8 ± 0.2^b	8.9 ± 0.1^b	8.2 ± 0.2^b	8.2 ± 0.2^a
AH PLUS	7.4 ± 0.2^c	7.9 ± 0.2^c	7.2 ± 0.3^c	7.2 ± 0.3^c	7.0 ± 0.2^b
SEALAPEX	8.2 ± 0.2^d	8.4 ± 0.2^d	8.4 ± 0.1^b	8.2 ± 0.1^b	8.4 ± 0.1^a
	Ca²⁺ (mg/L)
CERASEAL	180.2 ± 20.2^a	90.7 ± 10.5^a	80.5 ± 10.2^a	51.7 ± 10.1^a	31.4 ± 3.9^a
MTA FILLAPEX	90.4 ± 10.5^b	130.5 ± 11.6^b	110.8 ± 10.9^b	60.5 ± 7.5^b	42.2 ± 5.5^b
AH PLUS	110.2 ± 15.5^c	92.5 ± 10.2^a	88.7 ± 9.2^c	90.3 ± 9.8^c	90.7 ± 10.2^c
SEALAPEX	97.5 ± 10.0^d	105.5 ± 11.5^b	98.2 ± 10.2^d	96.1 ± 10.5^d	94.2 ± 10.8^d
	PO4 ³⁻ (mg/L)
CERASEAL	48.3 ± 5.0^a	37.2 ± 4.0^a	25.1 ± 2.0^a	19.2 ± 1.5^a	15.5 ± 2.0^a
MTA FILLAPEX	42.8 ± 5.0^b	30.5 ± 3.5^b	22.1 ± 2.0^b	16.8 ± 2.0^b	14.0 ± 2.0^a
AH PLUS	40.5 ± 5.0^c	39.2 ± 4.0^c	32.9 ± 3.0^c	30.5 ± 3.5^c	29.2 ± 3.0^b
SEALAPEX	42.1 ± 5.0^b	38.5 ± 4.0^c	35.0 ± 3.0^d	34.0 ± 4.0^d	35.0 ± 3.0^c

1 Legend: Different letters represent significant differences of the values in the same column (at the same point time) with p<0.01*.

SEM micrograph recorded on the surface of SEALAPEX sample before (a–c) and after immersion in SBF (d–f) along with the EDX spectrum

SEM micrograph recorded on the surface of MTA FILLAPEX sample before (a–c) and after immersion in SBF (d–f) along with the EDX spectrum

SEM micrograph recorded on the surface of AH PLUS sample before (a–c) and after immersion in SBF (d–f) along with the EDX spectrum

SEM micrograph recorded on the surface of CERASEAL sample before (a–c) and after immersion in SBF (d–f) along with the EDX spectrum

References

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2023-0038 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X (formerly 2083-124X) | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331

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Language: English

Page range: 126 - 139

Submitted on: Nov 22, 2023

Accepted on: Jan 25, 2024

Published on: Feb 19, 2024

Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

root canal sealers,

bioactivity,

endodontic treatment,

thermal analysis,

nanoindentation

Related subjects:

Materials sciences,

Materials sciences, other,

Nanomaterials,

Functional and smart materials,

Materials characterization and properties

© 2024 Andreea Marica, Luminita Fritea, Florin Banica, Iosif Hulka, Gerlinde Rusu, Cosmin Sinescu, Traian Octavian Costea, Simona Cavalu, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 41 (2023): Issue 3 (September 2023)

Evaluating the bioactivity of endodontic sealers with respect to their thermo-nanomechanical properties

Figures & Tables

Table 1.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

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Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Table 2.

Fig. 7.

Fig. 8.

Fig. 9.

Fig. 10.

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