Fig. 1
Schematic diagram of the sol-gel method to synthesized (1 − x)NiTiO3-xMnFe2O4 composites
Fig. 2
XRD pattern of a) (1 − x)NiTiO3-xMnFe2O4 composites and b-d) Rietveld refinement analysis
Table 1
Lattice parameters and crystalline size of (1 − x)NiTiO3-xMnFe2O4 composites
| Sample | Lattice parameters | Unit cell volume (Å3) | Crystalline size (nm) | Rwp % | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTO | MFO | NTO phase | MFO phase | NTO phase | MFO phase | |||
| a (Å) | c (Å) | a (Å) | ||||||
| NTO | 5.0284 | 13.7912 | – | 301.98 | – | 35 | – | 17.6 |
| NTO-5MFO | 5.0285 | 13.7916 | 8.3373 | 302.00 | 579.53 | 37 | 26 | 18.7 |
| NTO-10MFO | 5.0343 | 13.8074 | 8.3341 | 303.04 | 578.86 | 38 | 27 | 18.3 |
Fig. 3
Raman spectra of a) NTO, b) NTO-5MFO and c) NTO-10MFO composites
Fig. 4
SEM images of a) NTO, b) NTO-5MFO and c) NTO-10MFO composites
Fig. 5
a) Optical absorbance spectra and b) plotting of (αhv)2 versus photon energy of (1 − x)NiTiO3-xMnFe2O4 composites
Fig. 6
Ferroelectric loops of a) NTO, b) NTO-5MFO, c) NTO-10MFO composites and d) dependence of Ps and Pr of composites on MFO content
Fig. 7
Leakage current density vs. electric field of NiTiO3 and (1 − x)NiTiO3-xMnFe2O4 composites
Fig. 8
a) Magnetic hysteresis loops of the (1 − x)NiTiO3-xMnFe2O4 nanocomposite samples measured at room temperature and b) dependence of Ms and Mr of composites on MFO content