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Fig. 7
Fine aggregate gradation
| Sieve size (mm) | %passing | Heat conductivity W/(m·C) | Purchase price in the Chinese market US$/kg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gradation | ||||
| 0–0.6 | 20 | |||
| 0.6–1.18 | 45 | 0.27 | 39 | River sand |
| 1.18–2.36 | 25 | 0.05 | 49 | Artificial sand |
| 2.36–4.75 | 10 | 0.12 | 90 | Basalt sand |
The average atomic ratios obtained by EDS in the different heated mortar samples
| Experimental EDS ratios | Different sample | Ca/Si | Ca/Al | Ca/S |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belite | NAC_ RSM_ 100°C | 3.04 | 6.75 | 7.36 |
| Belite | NAC_ RSM_ 200°C | 5.34 | 5.40 | 5.39 |
| Belite | NAC_ RSM_ 300°C | 0.36 | 0.68 | 3.64 |
| Belite | NAC_ ASM_ 100°C | 5.79 | 3.80 | 3.08 |
| Belite | NAC_ ASM_ 200°C | 3.92 | 2.83 | 6.85 |
| Belite | NAC_ ASM_ 300°C | 10.50 | 17.93 | 16.70 |
| Belite | NAC_ BSM_ 100°C | 5.16 | 7.41 | 8.40 |
| Belite | NAC_ BSM_ 200°C | 3.17 | 4.64 | 4.40 |
| Belite | NAC_ BSM_ 300°C | 130.35 | 33.76 | 12.91 |
Mixing of the mortar samples
| Number of samples | CSA (g) | water | Different type of sand (g) River, Basalt, Artificial | water/cement ratio | Temperature °C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 (12 for each type of sand) | 450 | 225 | 1350 | 0.5 | 20,100,200,300 |
Strength of the different samples
| Strength (MPa) | Heating temperature/°C | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference sample | Standard deviation of the compressive strength and flexural strength at 20°C | 100°C | Standard deviation of the compressive strength and flexural strength at 100°C | Loss rate % | ||
| RSM | Compressive strength | 21 | 1.55 | 10.8 | 1.17 | 48.6 |
| Flexural strength | 4.7 | 1.00 | 3.7 | 1.36 | 21.3 | |
| ASM | Compressive strength | 25 | 3.43 | 22.1 | 1.02 | 11.6 |
| Flexural strength | 5.9 | 0.78 | 5.4 | 0.68 | 8.5 | |
| BSM | Compressive strength | 27.1 | 3.88 | 14.8 | 0.82 | 45.4 |
| Flexural strength | 5.1 | 0.97 | 4.9 | 0.85 | 3.9 | |
Strength loss vs_ temperature
| 20°C | 100 °C | 200° C | 300 °C | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strength MPa | Loss in % | Strength MPa | Loss in % | Strength MPa | Loss in % | ||
| RSM Compressive strength | 21 | 10.8 | (−)48.6 | 6.3 | (−)70 | 5.2 | (−)75.2 |
| RSM Flexural strength | 4.7 | 3.7 | (−)21.3 | 1.2 | (−)74.5 | 1.2 | (−)74.5 |
| ASM Compressive strength | 25 | 22.1 | (−)11.6 | 6.9 | (−)72.4 | 5 | (−)80 |
| ASM Flexural strength | 5.9 | 5.4 | (−)8.5 | 1.5 | (−)74.6 | 0.8 | (−)86.4 |
| BSM Compressive strength | 27.1 | 14.8 | (−)45.4 | 5.66 | (−)79.1 | 3.05 | (−)88.7 |
| BSM Flexural strength | 5.1 | 4.9 | (−)3.9 | 2 | (−)60.8 | 1.8 | (−)64.7 |
CSA chemical composition weight in percentage
| CaO | Al2O3 | SO3 | SiO2 | Fe2O3 | MgO | TiO2 | K2O | SrO | Na2O | Cl | P2O5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 519.4 | 86.2 | 86.2 | 40.5 | 80.0 | 13.1 | 5.1 | 6.8 | 59.9 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.5 |
| 45.28% | 17.51% | 15.76% | 9.19% | 2.50% | 1.90% | 0.75% | 0.48% | 0.17% | 0.19% | 0.11% | 0.10% |