Fig. 1
Specimens of titanium trabecular substrates: detail of the endoprosthesis of the intervertebral disk (A); honeycomb structure (B)
Table 1
Chemical composition of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy (powder) according to ISO 5832-3
| Element | Wt.% of element |
|---|---|
| Fe | <0.3 |
| N | <0.05 |
| O | <0.2 |
| Al | 5.5–6.75 |
| C | <0.08 |
| V | 3.5–4.5 |
| H | <0.015 |
| Ti | Balance |
[i] ISO, International Organization for Standardization
Fig. 2
Schematic representation (with dimensions in centimeters) of the assembled test assembly for testing the adhesion strength of coatings to a substrate: 1 — specimen No. 1; 2 - sprayed coating; 3 - a layer of adhesive bonding agent (a layer of glue); 4 – specimen No. 2
Fig. 3
Results of automated analysis with a color map of the deviations of a real specimen with a honeycomb structure from its stereolithographic (stl) model (A); visualization of the distribution of pores on a translucent three-dimensional model (B)
Fig. 4
Results of automated analysis of the porosity of a specimen with a honeycomb structure; the arrows indicate the largest defect found at the indicated point
Fig. 5
Results of statistics on the analysis of the porosity (number of pores by volume) of a specimen with a honeycomb structure; statistics circled in red frame
Fig. 6
Results of automated analysis with a color map of deviations of a real part of the endoprosthesis from the stereolithographic (stl) model (A); the largest defect found (B)
Fig. 7
Results of statistics on porosity analysis (number of pores by volume) for the part of the endoprosthesis; statistics circled in red frame
Fig. 8
HA powder feedstock: SEM image of HA particles indicating particle size (A); TEM image of the HA powder particle with the corresponding indexed microelectron diffraction pattern with zone axis [011] (B); XRD pattern of HA powder (C). SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; XRD, X-ray diffraction
Fig. 9
HA-coating: SEM image of HA coating on a titanium trabecular 3D-printed substrate (A) and XRD pattern of microplasma-sprayed HA coating (B).
HA, hydroxyapatite; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TCP, tricalcium phosphate; XRD, X-ray diffraction
Fig. 10
Specimens of 3D-printed titanium substrates with HA microplasma coating before (A) and after (B) tensile adhesion tests. HA, hydroxyapatite