Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Toughness indices I5 and I10
| Mix | I5 | I10 | I10/I5 | 
|---|---|---|---|
| R0S0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 
| R3S0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 
| R0S0.3 | 2.31 | 3.19 | 1.38 | 
| R1S0.1 | 1.84 | 2.04 | 1.11 | 
| R1S0.2 | 1.89 | 2.17 | 1.15 | 
| R2S0.1 | 1.79 | 2.17 | 1.21 | 
| R2S0.2 | 2.04 | 2.74 | 1.34 | 
| R3S0.1 | 2.04 | 2.48 | 1.22 | 
| R3S0.2 | 2.18 | 2.86 | 1.31 | 
Concrete mixture details
| Mix name | R0S0 | R0S0.3 | R3S0 | R1S0.1 | R2S0.1 | R3S0.1 | R1S0.2 | R2S0.2 | R3S0.2 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement (kg/m3) | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 
| Sand (kg/m3) | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 541 | 
| Gravel (kg/m3) | 1,082 | 1,082 | 1,082 | 1,082 | 1,082 | 1,082 | 1,082 | 1,082 | 1,082 | 
| Water (kg/m3) | 194.8 | 194.8 | 194.8 | 194.8 | 194.8 | 194.8 | 194.8 | 194.8 | 194.8 | 
| Admixture (kg/m3) | 5.41 | 5.41 | 5.41 | 5.41 | 5.41 | 5.41 | 5.41 | 5.41 | 5.41 | 
| Steel fibers (kg/m3) | 0 | 23.55 | 0 | 7.85 | 7.85 | 7.85 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 
| Rubber fibers (kg/m3) | 0 | 0 | 34.2 | 11.4 | 22.8 | 34.2 | 11.4 | 22.8 | 34.2 | 
Physical properties of fine and coarse aggregates
| Sr. No. | Aggregate property | Fine aggregates | Coarse aggregates | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fineness modulus | 2.40 | 6.48 | 
| 2 | Specific gravity | 2.70 | 2.64 | 
| 3 | Water absorption% | 1.00 | 0.70 | 
| 4 | Bulk density (kg/m3) | 1,650 | 1,590 | 
Physical properties of fibers
| Sr. No | Properties | Tire fibers | Steel fiber | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Average lengths (mm) | 25 | 25 | 
| 2 | Average diameter (mm) | 2.5 | 0.5 | 
| 3 | Aspect ratios | 10 | 50 | 
| 4 | Tensile strength (MPa) | 16.5–21.2* | 1,100 | 
| 5 | Density (kg/m3) | 1,140 | 7,850 |