Combined Methods for Dimension Stone Deposits’ Joints and Fractures Detection, Digitalisation and Visualisation

Characterising joint and fracture systems is crucial for dimension stone deposit evaluation and optimisation. This paper reviews and analyses combined methodologies for detecting, digitalising, and visualising joints and fractures in dimension stone deposits. Integrating traditional field measurements with modern technologies like terrestrial laser scanning, photogrammetry, and specialised software enables comprehensive fracture system analysis. These combined methods provide advantages, including large dataset collection, access to inaccessible areas, and detailed 3D visualisation capabilities. The study examines how these techniques contribute to accurate block size estimation, quarry planning, and waste reduction. Special attention is given to computer-aided modelling systems that evaluate fracture orientation and density to determine potential block volumes and shapes. The research demonstrates that integrated approaches offer superior results for sustainable quarry management and economic viability assessment.