Abstract
The paper analyses the stresses in metal reinforcements used in underground structures, essential for their support under rock pressure. The construction of these structures alters the initial stress equilibrium of the ground, requiring efficient support solutions. The mathematical modelling of vertical and horizontal load distribution and their impact on bending moments, normal forces, and shear forces is presented. Load determination can be carried out through experimental measurements and mathematical interpolation. The bearing capacity of the support depends on the material and the applied forces. Optimizing support systems increases the safety and stability of constructions. Through proper design, risks can be minimized, and operational efficiency improved. Thus, stress distribution analysis helps adapt the support to specific geotechnical conditions. Optimization methods for reducing costs and enhancing resistance are proposed. Ultimately, the study provides solutions for underground structure stability.