Table 1.
Publications related to research and technology infrastructures in Scopus and Web of Science databases.
| Scopus (search within article tittle, abstract, keywords) | Web of Science (search within tittle, abstract, author keywords) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| words: “technology infrastructure” or “technological infrastructure” or “research infrastructure” | 13232 | words: “technology infrastructure” or “technological infrastructure” or “research infrastructure” | 7372 |
| limit to words: „facilities or facility or equipment” | 1385 | limit to words: „facilities or facility or equipment” | 605 |
| limit to subject area: „Business, Management and Accounting” and „Economics, Econometrics and Finance” | 109 | limit to WoS Categories: Management, Business, Economy, Operations Research Management Science | 46 |
Table 2.
The status of enterprises responding to the survey.
| Status of enterprises | EU | Poland |
|---|---|---|
| SMEs (up to 250 employees) | 149 | 4 |
| Start-ups (younger than 5 years) | 59 | 1 |
| Enterprises with more than 3000 employees | 54 | 0 |
| Enterprises with 250–500 employees | 27 | 0 |
| Enterprises with 1000–3000 employees | 23 | 0 |
| Enterprises with 500–1000 employees | 16 | 0 |
| Total | 328 | 5 |
Table 3.
Components of absorptive capacity from the perspective of motives, barriers and instruments related to technology infrastructures.
| Motives | Barriers | Instruments | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acquisition | Identify and acquire externally generated knowledge | Lack of or scattered information about infrastructure available to firms | Mapping of technology infrastructures to promote information about them |
| Assimilation | Analyze, process, interpret, and understand the information obtained from external sources | Difficult to understand and replicate context and specific knowledge | Innovation vouchers to test ideas Mobility schemes |
| Transformation | Combine existing knowledge and the newly acquired/assimilated knowledge | Lack of knowledge and skills how to combine information | Workshops with firms Advisory services Trainings |
| Exploitation | Harvest and incorporate knowledge into firms’ operations | Lack of finanse Fear of losing control over own IPR | Collaborative research projects Innovative public procurements IPR services including patent protection |
[i] Source: Own elaboration based on Zahra and George (2002, p. 189) and the results of interviews.
| Compnay | A | B | C | D | E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Status | SME | Start-up/SME | SME | SME | SME |
| Stage of development (start-up) | Growth stage | Growth stage | Expansion/ready for exit | Growth stage | Growth stage |
| Organisation of RDI activities | Internal department and outsourcing | Internal department and in-house | Internal department and outsourcing | Internal department and in-house | Internal department and outsourcing |
| Current target markets | The whole EU market | The whole EU market | A regional EU market (few MS) | National market and the whole EU market | National market and the whole EU market |
| Primary Target market | A national market | The whole EU market | A regional EU market (few MS) | A national market | A national market |
| Primary industrial ecosystem | Metals and metal components | Electronics and health | Aerospace and defence, energy intensive industries | Electronics | Energy intensive industries |
| Development of new products or technologies in the next 2 years | Yes, to a large extent | Yes, to a large extent | Somewhat | Yes, to a large extent | Somewhat |
| To what extent does your enterprise use TI | Somewhat | To a large extent | Somewhat | Somewhat | Not at all - we are not aware of any current TI addressing our needs. |
| How often do you use TI? | 1–3 times per year | 1–3 times per year | 1–3 times per year | 1–3 times per year | |
| How much of RDI is carried out with TI? | Less than 20% | Less than 20% | Less than 20% | Less than 20% | |
| Some tech areas are lacking relevant TI | We're not aware they exist or what they offer | There are not enough TI | There are not enough TI | There are not enough TI | There are not enough TI |