Colonial forts and castles in twenty-first-century Ghana – spatial and functional layout in rapidly changing urban tissue

Figures & Tables

Item	Name of the fort (from West to East along the coast of Ghana)	Accessible to tourists	Entry fee per person (in cedi)	Guided tour	Fort museum	Contemporary function	On UNESCO List	Info on UNESCO on site
1	Fort Apollonia	YES	30	YES	YES	tourist	YES	NO
2	Fort Elize Carthago	YES	10	YES	NO	ruins, none	NO	-
3	Fort Saint Anthony	YES	50	YES	YES	tourist	YES	YES
4	Fort Groß Fredericksburg	YES	20	YES	NO	tourist, residential	YES	NO
5	Fort Metal Cross	YES	20	YES	NO	tourist, residential	YES	NO
6	Fort Batenstein	YES	(fee for the village)	YES	NO	ruins, none	YES	NO
7	Fort Orange	NO	-	-	NO	lighthouse	YES	NO
8	Fort São Sebastião	YES	10	YES	NO	residential, storage, meeting place	YES	NO
9	Fort Komenda	NO	-	-	NO	ruins, none	YES	NO
10	Elmina Castle	YES	50	YES	YES	tourist	YES	YES
11	Fort Coenraadsburg/Fort St. Jago	NO	-	-	NO	vacant building	YES	NO
12	Cape Coast Castle	YES	50	YES	YES	tourist	YES	YES
13	Fort Victoria	NO	-	-	NO	vacant building	YES	NO
14	Fort William (formerly Smith’s Tower)	NO	-	-	NO	residential, lighthouse	YES	NO
15	Fort Nassau	NO	-	-	NO	remains of ruins, residential	YES	NO
16	Fort William	YES	50	YES	NO	tourist, artistic	YES	NO
17	Fort Amsterdam	YES	10	YES	NO	tourist, ruins	YES	YES
18	Fort Patience	YES	10	NO	NO	residential	YES	NO
19	Fort Goede Hoop	YES	10	NO	NO	hotel, residential, commercial	YES	NO
20	Fort James	NO	-	-	NO	vacant building	YES	YES
21	Ussher Fort	YES	50	YES	YES	tourist, artistic	YES	YES
22	Osu Castle	YES	40	YES	NO	tourist	YES	NO
23	Fort Kongensten	NO	-	-	NO	remains of ruins, none	NO	-
24	Fort Prinzenstein	YES	25	YES	YES	tourist	YES	NO

Item	Name of the fort	Locality	Locality status (C – city, T – town, V – village)	Location (S – by the sea, I – inland)	Landform (F – flat, H – hill)	Surroundings (B – buildings, F – forest)	Types: 1 IFB/2 SFB/3 IHF/4 IHB/5 SHF/6 SHB
1	Fort Apollonia	Beyin	V	I	F	B	1
2	Fort Elize Carthago	Ankobra river mouth	-	S	H	F	5 almost no traces
3	Fort Saint Anthony	Axim	T	S	H	B	6
4	Fort Groß Fredericksburg	Princes Town (Pokesu)	T	S	H	F	5
5	Fort Metal Cross	Dixcove	V	S	H	B	6
6	Fort Batenstein	Butre	V	I	H	F	3
7	Fort Orange	Sekondi-Takoradi	C	I	H	B	4
8	Fort São Sebastião	Shama	T	I	F	B	1
9	Fort Komenda	Komenda	T	I	F	B	1
10	Elmina Castle	Elmina	T	S	F	B	2
11	Fort Coenraadsburg/Fort St. Jago	Elmina	T	I	H	B	4
12	Cape Coast Castle	Cape Coast	C	S	F	B	2
13	Fort Victoria	Cape Coast	C	I	H	B	4
14	Fort William (formerly Smith’s Tower)	Cape Coast	C	I	H	B	4
15	Fort Nassau	Moree	T	S	F	B	2
16	Fort William	Anomabu	T	S	F	B	2
17	Fort Amsterdam	Abandze	T	S	H	B	6
18	Fort Patience	Apam	T	I	F	B	1
19	Fort Goede Hoop	Senya Beraku	T	S	F	B	2
20	Fort James	Accra	C	S	F	B	2
21	Ussher Fort	Accra	C	S	F	B	2
22	Osu Castle	Accra	C	S	F	B	2
23	Fort Kongensten	Ada Foah	T	S	F	farmland	almost no traces
24	Fort Prinzenstein	Keta	T	S	F	B	2