Thermal and precipitation variability across four seasons in Poland (1951–2020) Cover

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Thermal and precipitation variability across four seasons in Poland (1951–2020)

Miscellanea Geographica

Volume 28 (2024): Issue 3 (July 2024)

By: Małgorzata Szwed and Kamila Wasielewska

Open Access

|Jul 2024

Figures & Tables

Location of the analysed meteorological stations.

Duration of thermal spring for nine selected stations [days]Source: own study

The mean values of seasonal air temperatures in 1951–2020 [°C]Source: own study

The mean values of spring air temperatures in 1951–2020 [°C]Source: own study

The mean values of autumn air temperatures in 1951–2020 [°C]Source: own study

The seasonal sum of precipitation for 1952–2020 [mm] Source: own study

The seasonal sum of winter precipitation in 1952–2020 [mm]Source: own study

The seasonal sum of spring precipitation in 1951–2020 [mm]Source: own study

(a) Mean winter temperature in Sandomierz and (b) mean spring temperature in Siedlce. Dotted lines – linear regression-Source: own study

Temperature change in spring (1951–2020)Source: own study

Mean seasonal temperature (1951–2020): (a) summer in Gorzów and (b) autumn in Kalisz. Dotted lines – linear regressionSource: own study

Precipitation change in winter (1952–2020)Source: own study

Precipitation change in spring (1951–2020)Source: own study

The average differences between the seasonal precipitation for meteorological seasons and those of thermal and calendar seasons in 1951–2020 [mm]

meteorological season	vs. thermal	vs. calendar
winter	+10	−10
spring	− 5	+ a dozen to several dozen
summer	− 1 to −5	- several to − 20-odd
autumn	− 4	- a dozen to − 20

The average differences between the temperatures of meteorological seasons and those of thermal and calendar seasons in 1951–2020 [°C]

meteorological season	vs. thermal	vs. calendar
winter	+0.1 (West) to +0.4 (East)	+0.3 whole area
spring	+1.0 (West) to +2.5 (East)	+3–3.5 whole area
summer	+0.2 whole area	−0.5 whole area
autumn	−0.2 to −0.4 depending on the region	−3.0 whole area

The coincidence of the beginning of the meteorological and thermal seasons, with up to five days’ variation (the number of occurrences between 1951 and 2020)

station	spring	summer	autumn	winter	station	spring	summer	autumn	winter
BIAŁYSTOK	12	53	60	68	POZNAŃ	27	57	51	68
BIELSKO-BIAŁA	33	52	51	65	SANDOMIERZ	25	57	46	69
CHOJNICE	15	53	63	68	SIEDLCE	18	58	55	68
CZĘSTOCHOWA	28	56	51	68	SŁUBICE	37	56	51	63
GORZÓW	30	58	48	68	SUWAŁKI	6	54	61	68
JELENIA GÓRA	27	45	66	68	ŚWINOUJŚCIE	29	47	45	63
KALISZ	25	56	46	68	SZCZECIN	32	55	49	65
KIELCE	23	53	53	68	TARNÓW	32	56	45	66
KOSZALIN	25	49	56	66	TORUŃ	25	57	52	68
LUBLIN	19	53	56	69	WARSZAWA	25	57	49	68
ŁEBA	12	40	55	67	WŁODAWA	18	59	52	69
ŁÓDŹ	21	56	52	68	WROCŁAW	33	57	45	67
OLSZTYN	17	53	55	68	ZAKOPANE	13	29	69	69
OPOLE	34	59	46	68	ZIELONA GÓRA	32	56	55	66
PŁOCK	23	55	47	68

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2023-0041 | Journal eISSN: 2084-6118 | Journal ISSN: 0867-6046

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Language: English

Page range: 140 - 151

Submitted on: Mar 4, 2024

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Accepted on: Jun 13, 2024

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Published on: Jul 31, 2024

Published by: Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Seasonal variability,

temperature trends,

precipitation patterns,

types of seasons

Related subjects:

Geosciences, other

© 2024 Małgorzata Szwed, Kamila Wasielewska, published by Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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