Figure 1.

Figure 2.
![Duration of thermal spring for nine selected stations [days]Source: own study](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64724862215d2f6c89dc2e1e/j_mgrsd-2023-0041_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKNYWPXYEY%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T133257Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQClI2hSXo347tNB0AZn9YAp4oa8374nAkqppFAFCufyVgIhAIyuVJldNdRC1OmGU7DTQuXfOEtXVp79x5n1z20zMhC3KrwFCEQQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgxARI2258BOFo4ECrMqmQUNU%2Fnw3L%2FfBz1d59Tla9caS9nYRDfIQZ3ROLtS8E%2FiIf19AocqxOaYMoJ1kZXXeAmEaNiSeQpOLS94Ebtk0Y7%2BKsWQv41R6rHn%2Fp0CF3WQ%2Brd6j9NWLvFIGs5nPvSu%2FTJzhNkUiT1QRnKaLTffZyirwTbSgPbXD7e%2FYrOciNYb%2FqatKAqTHdXiDxxshy6bwM6FGyZ65C5LA8DIJO%2FIjrI4fldTjx%2FVfZp49DEyapNODlwHqFXBN2AnwXH4qM9en5RvlnZj6h%2B7C3kbtGNODEWgd2SVjD6ORn4VDuiLYWDDaGRRmWyAKr7g%2FtuRz8jLsEzjguuns%2BeWYxAYt8EFrsU9IZb1N7jqyXzn4WhSBWqMz4%2F5yDVtVLK9J8%2B5cMZ7Q68Zan2pQZvtfsyf4HMDKrMQVlI3SID%2Fy%2Fy9UC5tqp54P1xesQIFoSrCnfoj37XyZLVhhVfFHhZI7kia1RAHj%2FI4eIDHuWQ1piTjU5lwbQqauw8rEqd3wEj87LskuTl%2FcgjQ3Fr8ipLPzltJGorsMZZBh2seesbCEvXDRXKrLYK63PL95v%2FHWnydzH6wiqmYc%2Bn%2B2ToHmyyBIfeuj4wBMAH%2FsF1jDJWBUnN4wIUq2UtQcTecLfcJeadldkW5CsQDaMYdlM7qimszAMSafQ3ok%2F%2BHh7faWO07o1JpISNso5VHV4qpVtp6fotwu2r9EJzxRJ9G2ta%2Buu%2BhSzVGypjAkQ5n4AlbrJEGqVPr%2FnfBOu1w3u2eGDOkjzaf2S3Be0tH%2B0tVf5VD1HnjCZdYjDmNk7Q78l%2BVrnH59JxQ%2Fz5L5TIXvbWrdIYqnubyLNxhE5QG2fI5ggt1XY4ruBBaaMzPOsdvmHhdwrJdwdTrs0Tyqq3t1YjnhkqFKKX6UTCg77%2FNBjqwAc29Xq94EzMT3WQLS67ZIud6IHo6xp4BIjpH6Wn%2BPu5nou7SoIwIt%2FcKTsXduk%2F1CWYlqDSjE9mDrCAEpIKekQGj3t%2BoOCZlU6gLzZCbAd1TXf7vdUYLCGmcD0AzlqCCGNOpgMZqbdHBjCcFb%2FduzjIyG1yzpSs5IB3gFb9B%2BZPtwoReLI9sTZNBw%2B14ZAZxAgbjjducTi%2FhgbAsc47kwNXUApoH4IIJuf0k3KafDREX&X-Amz-Signature=d1834f9f0b9babfaa7c56122e4d3facb1b51a99956d2185536a3f03d66fd2cad&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3.
![The mean values of seasonal air temperatures in 1951–2020 [°C]Source: own study](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64724862215d2f6c89dc2e1e/j_mgrsd-2023-0041_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKNYWPXYEY%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T133257Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQClI2hSXo347tNB0AZn9YAp4oa8374nAkqppFAFCufyVgIhAIyuVJldNdRC1OmGU7DTQuXfOEtXVp79x5n1z20zMhC3KrwFCEQQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgxARI2258BOFo4ECrMqmQUNU%2Fnw3L%2FfBz1d59Tla9caS9nYRDfIQZ3ROLtS8E%2FiIf19AocqxOaYMoJ1kZXXeAmEaNiSeQpOLS94Ebtk0Y7%2BKsWQv41R6rHn%2Fp0CF3WQ%2Brd6j9NWLvFIGs5nPvSu%2FTJzhNkUiT1QRnKaLTffZyirwTbSgPbXD7e%2FYrOciNYb%2FqatKAqTHdXiDxxshy6bwM6FGyZ65C5LA8DIJO%2FIjrI4fldTjx%2FVfZp49DEyapNODlwHqFXBN2AnwXH4qM9en5RvlnZj6h%2B7C3kbtGNODEWgd2SVjD6ORn4VDuiLYWDDaGRRmWyAKr7g%2FtuRz8jLsEzjguuns%2BeWYxAYt8EFrsU9IZb1N7jqyXzn4WhSBWqMz4%2F5yDVtVLK9J8%2B5cMZ7Q68Zan2pQZvtfsyf4HMDKrMQVlI3SID%2Fy%2Fy9UC5tqp54P1xesQIFoSrCnfoj37XyZLVhhVfFHhZI7kia1RAHj%2FI4eIDHuWQ1piTjU5lwbQqauw8rEqd3wEj87LskuTl%2FcgjQ3Fr8ipLPzltJGorsMZZBh2seesbCEvXDRXKrLYK63PL95v%2FHWnydzH6wiqmYc%2Bn%2B2ToHmyyBIfeuj4wBMAH%2FsF1jDJWBUnN4wIUq2UtQcTecLfcJeadldkW5CsQDaMYdlM7qimszAMSafQ3ok%2F%2BHh7faWO07o1JpISNso5VHV4qpVtp6fotwu2r9EJzxRJ9G2ta%2Buu%2BhSzVGypjAkQ5n4AlbrJEGqVPr%2FnfBOu1w3u2eGDOkjzaf2S3Be0tH%2B0tVf5VD1HnjCZdYjDmNk7Q78l%2BVrnH59JxQ%2Fz5L5TIXvbWrdIYqnubyLNxhE5QG2fI5ggt1XY4ruBBaaMzPOsdvmHhdwrJdwdTrs0Tyqq3t1YjnhkqFKKX6UTCg77%2FNBjqwAc29Xq94EzMT3WQLS67ZIud6IHo6xp4BIjpH6Wn%2BPu5nou7SoIwIt%2FcKTsXduk%2F1CWYlqDSjE9mDrCAEpIKekQGj3t%2BoOCZlU6gLzZCbAd1TXf7vdUYLCGmcD0AzlqCCGNOpgMZqbdHBjCcFb%2FduzjIyG1yzpSs5IB3gFb9B%2BZPtwoReLI9sTZNBw%2B14ZAZxAgbjjducTi%2FhgbAsc47kwNXUApoH4IIJuf0k3KafDREX&X-Amz-Signature=2df088ad9c6cfb86d9e0cab34b3e070954c3b910af7a256e0122c157dbdcf17c&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4.
![The mean values of spring air temperatures in 1951–2020 [°C]Source: own study](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64724862215d2f6c89dc2e1e/j_mgrsd-2023-0041_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKNYWPXYEY%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T133257Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQClI2hSXo347tNB0AZn9YAp4oa8374nAkqppFAFCufyVgIhAIyuVJldNdRC1OmGU7DTQuXfOEtXVp79x5n1z20zMhC3KrwFCEQQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgxARI2258BOFo4ECrMqmQUNU%2Fnw3L%2FfBz1d59Tla9caS9nYRDfIQZ3ROLtS8E%2FiIf19AocqxOaYMoJ1kZXXeAmEaNiSeQpOLS94Ebtk0Y7%2BKsWQv41R6rHn%2Fp0CF3WQ%2Brd6j9NWLvFIGs5nPvSu%2FTJzhNkUiT1QRnKaLTffZyirwTbSgPbXD7e%2FYrOciNYb%2FqatKAqTHdXiDxxshy6bwM6FGyZ65C5LA8DIJO%2FIjrI4fldTjx%2FVfZp49DEyapNODlwHqFXBN2AnwXH4qM9en5RvlnZj6h%2B7C3kbtGNODEWgd2SVjD6ORn4VDuiLYWDDaGRRmWyAKr7g%2FtuRz8jLsEzjguuns%2BeWYxAYt8EFrsU9IZb1N7jqyXzn4WhSBWqMz4%2F5yDVtVLK9J8%2B5cMZ7Q68Zan2pQZvtfsyf4HMDKrMQVlI3SID%2Fy%2Fy9UC5tqp54P1xesQIFoSrCnfoj37XyZLVhhVfFHhZI7kia1RAHj%2FI4eIDHuWQ1piTjU5lwbQqauw8rEqd3wEj87LskuTl%2FcgjQ3Fr8ipLPzltJGorsMZZBh2seesbCEvXDRXKrLYK63PL95v%2FHWnydzH6wiqmYc%2Bn%2B2ToHmyyBIfeuj4wBMAH%2FsF1jDJWBUnN4wIUq2UtQcTecLfcJeadldkW5CsQDaMYdlM7qimszAMSafQ3ok%2F%2BHh7faWO07o1JpISNso5VHV4qpVtp6fotwu2r9EJzxRJ9G2ta%2Buu%2BhSzVGypjAkQ5n4AlbrJEGqVPr%2FnfBOu1w3u2eGDOkjzaf2S3Be0tH%2B0tVf5VD1HnjCZdYjDmNk7Q78l%2BVrnH59JxQ%2Fz5L5TIXvbWrdIYqnubyLNxhE5QG2fI5ggt1XY4ruBBaaMzPOsdvmHhdwrJdwdTrs0Tyqq3t1YjnhkqFKKX6UTCg77%2FNBjqwAc29Xq94EzMT3WQLS67ZIud6IHo6xp4BIjpH6Wn%2BPu5nou7SoIwIt%2FcKTsXduk%2F1CWYlqDSjE9mDrCAEpIKekQGj3t%2BoOCZlU6gLzZCbAd1TXf7vdUYLCGmcD0AzlqCCGNOpgMZqbdHBjCcFb%2FduzjIyG1yzpSs5IB3gFb9B%2BZPtwoReLI9sTZNBw%2B14ZAZxAgbjjducTi%2FhgbAsc47kwNXUApoH4IIJuf0k3KafDREX&X-Amz-Signature=4c92f1fffffa377f9a067c8dcae11b1e8dc26832a6a9c1082c6cf9c2c130e899&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5.
![The mean values of autumn air temperatures in 1951–2020 [°C]Source: own study](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64724862215d2f6c89dc2e1e/j_mgrsd-2023-0041_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKNYWPXYEY%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T133257Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQClI2hSXo347tNB0AZn9YAp4oa8374nAkqppFAFCufyVgIhAIyuVJldNdRC1OmGU7DTQuXfOEtXVp79x5n1z20zMhC3KrwFCEQQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgxARI2258BOFo4ECrMqmQUNU%2Fnw3L%2FfBz1d59Tla9caS9nYRDfIQZ3ROLtS8E%2FiIf19AocqxOaYMoJ1kZXXeAmEaNiSeQpOLS94Ebtk0Y7%2BKsWQv41R6rHn%2Fp0CF3WQ%2Brd6j9NWLvFIGs5nPvSu%2FTJzhNkUiT1QRnKaLTffZyirwTbSgPbXD7e%2FYrOciNYb%2FqatKAqTHdXiDxxshy6bwM6FGyZ65C5LA8DIJO%2FIjrI4fldTjx%2FVfZp49DEyapNODlwHqFXBN2AnwXH4qM9en5RvlnZj6h%2B7C3kbtGNODEWgd2SVjD6ORn4VDuiLYWDDaGRRmWyAKr7g%2FtuRz8jLsEzjguuns%2BeWYxAYt8EFrsU9IZb1N7jqyXzn4WhSBWqMz4%2F5yDVtVLK9J8%2B5cMZ7Q68Zan2pQZvtfsyf4HMDKrMQVlI3SID%2Fy%2Fy9UC5tqp54P1xesQIFoSrCnfoj37XyZLVhhVfFHhZI7kia1RAHj%2FI4eIDHuWQ1piTjU5lwbQqauw8rEqd3wEj87LskuTl%2FcgjQ3Fr8ipLPzltJGorsMZZBh2seesbCEvXDRXKrLYK63PL95v%2FHWnydzH6wiqmYc%2Bn%2B2ToHmyyBIfeuj4wBMAH%2FsF1jDJWBUnN4wIUq2UtQcTecLfcJeadldkW5CsQDaMYdlM7qimszAMSafQ3ok%2F%2BHh7faWO07o1JpISNso5VHV4qpVtp6fotwu2r9EJzxRJ9G2ta%2Buu%2BhSzVGypjAkQ5n4AlbrJEGqVPr%2FnfBOu1w3u2eGDOkjzaf2S3Be0tH%2B0tVf5VD1HnjCZdYjDmNk7Q78l%2BVrnH59JxQ%2Fz5L5TIXvbWrdIYqnubyLNxhE5QG2fI5ggt1XY4ruBBaaMzPOsdvmHhdwrJdwdTrs0Tyqq3t1YjnhkqFKKX6UTCg77%2FNBjqwAc29Xq94EzMT3WQLS67ZIud6IHo6xp4BIjpH6Wn%2BPu5nou7SoIwIt%2FcKTsXduk%2F1CWYlqDSjE9mDrCAEpIKekQGj3t%2BoOCZlU6gLzZCbAd1TXf7vdUYLCGmcD0AzlqCCGNOpgMZqbdHBjCcFb%2FduzjIyG1yzpSs5IB3gFb9B%2BZPtwoReLI9sTZNBw%2B14ZAZxAgbjjducTi%2FhgbAsc47kwNXUApoH4IIJuf0k3KafDREX&X-Amz-Signature=9612b6a1b75038151b67fb643a726e69c51c98558f4fab149ea4e36abbf286d1&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 6.
![The seasonal sum of precipitation for 1952–2020 [mm] Source: own study](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64724862215d2f6c89dc2e1e/j_mgrsd-2023-0041_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKNYWPXYEY%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T133257Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQClI2hSXo347tNB0AZn9YAp4oa8374nAkqppFAFCufyVgIhAIyuVJldNdRC1OmGU7DTQuXfOEtXVp79x5n1z20zMhC3KrwFCEQQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgxARI2258BOFo4ECrMqmQUNU%2Fnw3L%2FfBz1d59Tla9caS9nYRDfIQZ3ROLtS8E%2FiIf19AocqxOaYMoJ1kZXXeAmEaNiSeQpOLS94Ebtk0Y7%2BKsWQv41R6rHn%2Fp0CF3WQ%2Brd6j9NWLvFIGs5nPvSu%2FTJzhNkUiT1QRnKaLTffZyirwTbSgPbXD7e%2FYrOciNYb%2FqatKAqTHdXiDxxshy6bwM6FGyZ65C5LA8DIJO%2FIjrI4fldTjx%2FVfZp49DEyapNODlwHqFXBN2AnwXH4qM9en5RvlnZj6h%2B7C3kbtGNODEWgd2SVjD6ORn4VDuiLYWDDaGRRmWyAKr7g%2FtuRz8jLsEzjguuns%2BeWYxAYt8EFrsU9IZb1N7jqyXzn4WhSBWqMz4%2F5yDVtVLK9J8%2B5cMZ7Q68Zan2pQZvtfsyf4HMDKrMQVlI3SID%2Fy%2Fy9UC5tqp54P1xesQIFoSrCnfoj37XyZLVhhVfFHhZI7kia1RAHj%2FI4eIDHuWQ1piTjU5lwbQqauw8rEqd3wEj87LskuTl%2FcgjQ3Fr8ipLPzltJGorsMZZBh2seesbCEvXDRXKrLYK63PL95v%2FHWnydzH6wiqmYc%2Bn%2B2ToHmyyBIfeuj4wBMAH%2FsF1jDJWBUnN4wIUq2UtQcTecLfcJeadldkW5CsQDaMYdlM7qimszAMSafQ3ok%2F%2BHh7faWO07o1JpISNso5VHV4qpVtp6fotwu2r9EJzxRJ9G2ta%2Buu%2BhSzVGypjAkQ5n4AlbrJEGqVPr%2FnfBOu1w3u2eGDOkjzaf2S3Be0tH%2B0tVf5VD1HnjCZdYjDmNk7Q78l%2BVrnH59JxQ%2Fz5L5TIXvbWrdIYqnubyLNxhE5QG2fI5ggt1XY4ruBBaaMzPOsdvmHhdwrJdwdTrs0Tyqq3t1YjnhkqFKKX6UTCg77%2FNBjqwAc29Xq94EzMT3WQLS67ZIud6IHo6xp4BIjpH6Wn%2BPu5nou7SoIwIt%2FcKTsXduk%2F1CWYlqDSjE9mDrCAEpIKekQGj3t%2BoOCZlU6gLzZCbAd1TXf7vdUYLCGmcD0AzlqCCGNOpgMZqbdHBjCcFb%2FduzjIyG1yzpSs5IB3gFb9B%2BZPtwoReLI9sTZNBw%2B14ZAZxAgbjjducTi%2FhgbAsc47kwNXUApoH4IIJuf0k3KafDREX&X-Amz-Signature=bb90c5c1396d62b4de35e7167982fa335b4fca2ed6498074179d9201ab798f52&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 7.
![The seasonal sum of winter precipitation in 1952–2020 [mm]Source: own study](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64724862215d2f6c89dc2e1e/j_mgrsd-2023-0041_fig_007.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKNYWPXYEY%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T133257Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQClI2hSXo347tNB0AZn9YAp4oa8374nAkqppFAFCufyVgIhAIyuVJldNdRC1OmGU7DTQuXfOEtXVp79x5n1z20zMhC3KrwFCEQQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgxARI2258BOFo4ECrMqmQUNU%2Fnw3L%2FfBz1d59Tla9caS9nYRDfIQZ3ROLtS8E%2FiIf19AocqxOaYMoJ1kZXXeAmEaNiSeQpOLS94Ebtk0Y7%2BKsWQv41R6rHn%2Fp0CF3WQ%2Brd6j9NWLvFIGs5nPvSu%2FTJzhNkUiT1QRnKaLTffZyirwTbSgPbXD7e%2FYrOciNYb%2FqatKAqTHdXiDxxshy6bwM6FGyZ65C5LA8DIJO%2FIjrI4fldTjx%2FVfZp49DEyapNODlwHqFXBN2AnwXH4qM9en5RvlnZj6h%2B7C3kbtGNODEWgd2SVjD6ORn4VDuiLYWDDaGRRmWyAKr7g%2FtuRz8jLsEzjguuns%2BeWYxAYt8EFrsU9IZb1N7jqyXzn4WhSBWqMz4%2F5yDVtVLK9J8%2B5cMZ7Q68Zan2pQZvtfsyf4HMDKrMQVlI3SID%2Fy%2Fy9UC5tqp54P1xesQIFoSrCnfoj37XyZLVhhVfFHhZI7kia1RAHj%2FI4eIDHuWQ1piTjU5lwbQqauw8rEqd3wEj87LskuTl%2FcgjQ3Fr8ipLPzltJGorsMZZBh2seesbCEvXDRXKrLYK63PL95v%2FHWnydzH6wiqmYc%2Bn%2B2ToHmyyBIfeuj4wBMAH%2FsF1jDJWBUnN4wIUq2UtQcTecLfcJeadldkW5CsQDaMYdlM7qimszAMSafQ3ok%2F%2BHh7faWO07o1JpISNso5VHV4qpVtp6fotwu2r9EJzxRJ9G2ta%2Buu%2BhSzVGypjAkQ5n4AlbrJEGqVPr%2FnfBOu1w3u2eGDOkjzaf2S3Be0tH%2B0tVf5VD1HnjCZdYjDmNk7Q78l%2BVrnH59JxQ%2Fz5L5TIXvbWrdIYqnubyLNxhE5QG2fI5ggt1XY4ruBBaaMzPOsdvmHhdwrJdwdTrs0Tyqq3t1YjnhkqFKKX6UTCg77%2FNBjqwAc29Xq94EzMT3WQLS67ZIud6IHo6xp4BIjpH6Wn%2BPu5nou7SoIwIt%2FcKTsXduk%2F1CWYlqDSjE9mDrCAEpIKekQGj3t%2BoOCZlU6gLzZCbAd1TXf7vdUYLCGmcD0AzlqCCGNOpgMZqbdHBjCcFb%2FduzjIyG1yzpSs5IB3gFb9B%2BZPtwoReLI9sTZNBw%2B14ZAZxAgbjjducTi%2FhgbAsc47kwNXUApoH4IIJuf0k3KafDREX&X-Amz-Signature=e5b7c77d4737b38fbb999deb4f5e06e4de8b9c301f1e08d7d080635bb86fcb62&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 8.
![The seasonal sum of spring precipitation in 1951–2020 [mm]Source: own study](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64724862215d2f6c89dc2e1e/j_mgrsd-2023-0041_fig_008.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKNYWPXYEY%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T133257Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHsaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQClI2hSXo347tNB0AZn9YAp4oa8374nAkqppFAFCufyVgIhAIyuVJldNdRC1OmGU7DTQuXfOEtXVp79x5n1z20zMhC3KrwFCEQQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgxARI2258BOFo4ECrMqmQUNU%2Fnw3L%2FfBz1d59Tla9caS9nYRDfIQZ3ROLtS8E%2FiIf19AocqxOaYMoJ1kZXXeAmEaNiSeQpOLS94Ebtk0Y7%2BKsWQv41R6rHn%2Fp0CF3WQ%2Brd6j9NWLvFIGs5nPvSu%2FTJzhNkUiT1QRnKaLTffZyirwTbSgPbXD7e%2FYrOciNYb%2FqatKAqTHdXiDxxshy6bwM6FGyZ65C5LA8DIJO%2FIjrI4fldTjx%2FVfZp49DEyapNODlwHqFXBN2AnwXH4qM9en5RvlnZj6h%2B7C3kbtGNODEWgd2SVjD6ORn4VDuiLYWDDaGRRmWyAKr7g%2FtuRz8jLsEzjguuns%2BeWYxAYt8EFrsU9IZb1N7jqyXzn4WhSBWqMz4%2F5yDVtVLK9J8%2B5cMZ7Q68Zan2pQZvtfsyf4HMDKrMQVlI3SID%2Fy%2Fy9UC5tqp54P1xesQIFoSrCnfoj37XyZLVhhVfFHhZI7kia1RAHj%2FI4eIDHuWQ1piTjU5lwbQqauw8rEqd3wEj87LskuTl%2FcgjQ3Fr8ipLPzltJGorsMZZBh2seesbCEvXDRXKrLYK63PL95v%2FHWnydzH6wiqmYc%2Bn%2B2ToHmyyBIfeuj4wBMAH%2FsF1jDJWBUnN4wIUq2UtQcTecLfcJeadldkW5CsQDaMYdlM7qimszAMSafQ3ok%2F%2BHh7faWO07o1JpISNso5VHV4qpVtp6fotwu2r9EJzxRJ9G2ta%2Buu%2BhSzVGypjAkQ5n4AlbrJEGqVPr%2FnfBOu1w3u2eGDOkjzaf2S3Be0tH%2B0tVf5VD1HnjCZdYjDmNk7Q78l%2BVrnH59JxQ%2Fz5L5TIXvbWrdIYqnubyLNxhE5QG2fI5ggt1XY4ruBBaaMzPOsdvmHhdwrJdwdTrs0Tyqq3t1YjnhkqFKKX6UTCg77%2FNBjqwAc29Xq94EzMT3WQLS67ZIud6IHo6xp4BIjpH6Wn%2BPu5nou7SoIwIt%2FcKTsXduk%2F1CWYlqDSjE9mDrCAEpIKekQGj3t%2BoOCZlU6gLzZCbAd1TXf7vdUYLCGmcD0AzlqCCGNOpgMZqbdHBjCcFb%2FduzjIyG1yzpSs5IB3gFb9B%2BZPtwoReLI9sTZNBw%2B14ZAZxAgbjjducTi%2FhgbAsc47kwNXUApoH4IIJuf0k3KafDREX&X-Amz-Signature=93ce3b7983cec34cb1c4c4928d64e7f9cbc83c7855302494f73069d91855e35a&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 9.

Figure 10.

Figure 11.

Figure 12.

Figure 13.

The average differences between the seasonal precipitation for meteorological seasons and those of thermal and calendar seasons in 1951–2020 [mm]
| meteorological season | vs. thermal | vs. calendar |
|---|---|---|
| winter | +10 | −10 |
| spring | − 5 | + a dozen to several dozen |
| summer | − 1 to −5 | - several to − 20-odd |
| autumn | − 4 | - a dozen to − 20 |
The average differences between the temperatures of meteorological seasons and those of thermal and calendar seasons in 1951–2020 [°C]
| meteorological season | vs. thermal | vs. calendar |
|---|---|---|
| winter | +0.1 (West) to +0.4 (East) | +0.3 whole area |
| spring | +1.0 (West) to +2.5 (East) | +3–3.5 whole area |
| summer | +0.2 whole area | −0.5 whole area |
| autumn | −0.2 to −0.4 depending on the region | −3.0 whole area |
The coincidence of the beginning of the meteorological and thermal seasons, with up to five days’ variation (the number of occurrences between 1951 and 2020)
| station | spring | summer | autumn | winter | station | spring | summer | autumn | winter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BIAŁYSTOK | 12 | 53 | 60 | 68 | POZNAŃ | 27 | 57 | 51 | 68 |
| BIELSKO-BIAŁA | 33 | 52 | 51 | 65 | SANDOMIERZ | 25 | 57 | 46 | 69 |
| CHOJNICE | 15 | 53 | 63 | 68 | SIEDLCE | 18 | 58 | 55 | 68 |
| CZĘSTOCHOWA | 28 | 56 | 51 | 68 | SŁUBICE | 37 | 56 | 51 | 63 |
| GORZÓW | 30 | 58 | 48 | 68 | SUWAŁKI | 6 | 54 | 61 | 68 |
| JELENIA GÓRA | 27 | 45 | 66 | 68 | ŚWINOUJŚCIE | 29 | 47 | 45 | 63 |
| KALISZ | 25 | 56 | 46 | 68 | SZCZECIN | 32 | 55 | 49 | 65 |
| KIELCE | 23 | 53 | 53 | 68 | TARNÓW | 32 | 56 | 45 | 66 |
| KOSZALIN | 25 | 49 | 56 | 66 | TORUŃ | 25 | 57 | 52 | 68 |
| LUBLIN | 19 | 53 | 56 | 69 | WARSZAWA | 25 | 57 | 49 | 68 |
| ŁEBA | 12 | 40 | 55 | 67 | WŁODAWA | 18 | 59 | 52 | 69 |
| ŁÓDŹ | 21 | 56 | 52 | 68 | WROCŁAW | 33 | 57 | 45 | 67 |
| OLSZTYN | 17 | 53 | 55 | 68 | ZAKOPANE | 13 | 29 | 69 | 69 |
| OPOLE | 34 | 59 | 46 | 68 | ZIELONA GÓRA | 32 | 56 | 55 | 66 |
| PŁOCK | 23 | 55 | 47 | 68 | |||||