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The Safety Profile of the Anesthetic Effect of Alfaxalone and its Interaction with Xylazine and Ketamine in Chick’s Model (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) Cover

The Safety Profile of the Anesthetic Effect of Alfaxalone and its Interaction with Xylazine and Ketamine in Chick’s Model (Gallus Gallus Domesticus)

Open Access
|Oct 2021

Abstract

The objective of our research was to estimate the therapeutic index and assess the interaction of alfaxalone (IP) with ketamine or xylazine (IM) in chicks by using isobolographic analysis. The up-and-down technique was involved to calculate the median effective anesthetic dosages (ED50) of alfaxalone, xylazine, and ketamine given separately or at the same time in young chicks. Then the up-and-down technique was involved to estimate the median lethal dosage (LD50) of alfaxalone (IP) to determine the safety profile. The ED50 of all anesthetics was evaluated isobolographically to assess the type of interaction between alfaxalone and xylazine or alfaxalone and ketamine. The alfaxalone ED50 was 32.88 mg/kg (IP), whereas the LD50 was 102.40 mg/kg (IP). The ED50 values for alfaxalone, ketamine, and xylazine were 32.88, 12.24, and 2.45 mg/kg, respectively. The ED50 values of alfaxalone with ketamine or xylazine (25:25 ED50 values) were: 7.39+2.35, and 8.61+0.63 mg/kg, respectively. ED50 values were decreased when the combinations of alfaxalone/ketamine or alfaxalone/xylazine were administered by 22-21% and 26-25%, respectively. The anesthesia of chicks with alfaxalone is safe, produces a surgical stage of anesthesia, and can be used for minor surgical procedures. The use of alfaxalone with ketamine or xylazine has been shown to have a synergistic effect and these findings may be of clinical relevance in poultry or may be extended to mammals following further clinical trials.

Language: English
Page range: 203 - 209
Submitted on: Feb 18, 2021
Accepted on: Aug 12, 2021
Published on: Oct 26, 2021
Published by: Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 times per year

© 2021 Amjed Najem Alatrushi, Ahmed Salah Naser, published by Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.