Table 1.
Global Neospora caninum GenBank sequences and accession numbers used for phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignment
| Protozoan species | GenBank accession No. | Geographical origin | Host organism | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N. caninum | OP244818 | Iraq | Sheep | Essa (17) |
| MT955657 | Cattle | Gharekhani et al. (19) | ||
| MT955656 | Iran | |||
| MT709298 | ||||
| MT709296 | Dog | |||
| MT346029 | Italy | Red fox | Zanet et al. (36) | |
| KP715569 | Italy | Deer | Zanet et al., 2015, unpublished | |
| LN714476 | UK | - | Ramaprasad et al. (29) | |
| KF649845 | USA | Wolf | Dubey et al. (10) |
Table 2.
Association of risk factors with N. caninum infection in dogs from Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraq
| Number of dogs examined | Number (%) of dogs infected | X2 (P-value) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 258 | 10 (3.87) | ||
| Lifestyle | Stray dogs | 141 | 9 (6.38) | 0.022 (<0.05) |
| Domestic dogs | 117 | 1 (0.85) | ||
| Sex | Male | 124 | 8 (6.45) | 0.039 (<0.05) |
| Female | 134 | 2 (1.49) | ||
| Age | Young (≤12 months) | 131 | 2 (1.52) | 0.047 (<0.05) |
| Adult (>12 months) | 127 | 8 (6.30) |
Fig. 1.
Multiple sequence alignment of Neospora caninum isolates from dogs in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, alongside other GenBank isolates. The alignment was conducted using the ClustalW algorithm on partial Nc5 gene sequences. The nucleotide sequences from this study are assigned accession Nos: PQ850578–PQ850587
Fig. 2.
Phylogenetic tree of Neospora caninum isolates from dogs in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, constructed using the maximum-likelihood method based on Nc5 gene sequences. The accession Nos: PQ850578–PQ850587 represent the sequences analysed in this study. The scale bar indicates a 1% nucleotide difference