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Protective effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine against penconazole-triggered hepatorenal toxicity in adult rats Cover

Protective effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine against penconazole-triggered hepatorenal toxicity in adult rats

Journal of Veterinary Research
Volume 67 (2023): Issue 3 (September 2023)
By: Ashraf M. Morgan,  Hanan A. Ogaly,  Shaimaa Kamel,  Maha M. Rashad,  Eman I. Hassanen,  Marwa A. Ibrahim,  Mona K. Galal,  Aya M. Yassin,  Sharah A. Al Dulmani,  Fatimah A.M. Al-Zahrani and  Ahmed M. Hussien  
Open Access
|Sep 2023

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Effects of NAC on (A) malondialdehyde and (B) TAC in the liver and kidneys of adult male albino Wistar PEN-exposed rats. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (whiskers) (n = 6) # – significantly different to NC group; * – significantly different to PEN group; NC – normal control; PEN – penconazole; NAC – N-acetyl-1-cysteine; TAC – total antioxidant capacity
Effects of NAC on (A) malondialdehyde and (B) TAC in the liver and kidneys of adult male albino Wistar PEN-exposed rats. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (whiskers) (n = 6) # – significantly different to NC group; * – significantly different to PEN group; NC – normal control; PEN – penconazole; NAC – N-acetyl-1-cysteine; TAC – total antioxidant capacity

Fig. 2.

Effect of N-acetyl-1-cysteine (NAC) in adult male albino Wistar rats against penconazole (PEN)-induced alterations on hepatic messenger RNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) (A), Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 (Keap1) (B) and haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) (C). Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (whiskers) (n = 6) GAPDH – glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; # – significantly different to normal control (NC) group; * – significantly different to PEN group
Effect of N-acetyl-1-cysteine (NAC) in adult male albino Wistar rats against penconazole (PEN)-induced alterations on hepatic messenger RNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) (A), Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 (Keap1) (B) and haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) (C). Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (whiskers) (n = 6) GAPDH – glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; # – significantly different to normal control (NC) group; * – significantly different to PEN group

Fig. 3.

Effect of N-acetyl-1-cysteine (NAC) in adult male albino Wistar rats against penconazole (PEN)-induced alterations on renal mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) (A), Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 (Keap1) (B) and haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) (C). Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (whiskers) (n = 6) GAPDH – glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; # – significantly different to normal control (NC) group; * – significantly different to PEN group
Effect of N-acetyl-1-cysteine (NAC) in adult male albino Wistar rats against penconazole (PEN)-induced alterations on renal mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) (A), Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 (Keap1) (B) and haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) (C). Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (whiskers) (n = 6) GAPDH – glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; # – significantly different to normal control (NC) group; * – significantly different to PEN group

Fig. 4.

Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat liver tissue sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin representing the control group with normal histological structure (A), the penconazole (PEN)-receiving group showing hepatocellular vacuolisation (black arrows), necrosis (blue arrows), atrophy (black triangles), macrovesicular steatosis (red arrows), haemorrhaging (red star) and inflammatory cells infiltration (black stars) (B–F) and the PEN+N-acetyl-1-cysteine–receiving group showing sparse cell necrosis (blue arrows) and slight portal inflammation (black star) (G and H)
Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat liver tissue sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin representing the control group with normal histological structure (A), the penconazole (PEN)-receiving group showing hepatocellular vacuolisation (black arrows), necrosis (blue arrows), atrophy (black triangles), macrovesicular steatosis (red arrows), haemorrhaging (red star) and inflammatory cells infiltration (black stars) (B–F) and the PEN+N-acetyl-1-cysteine–receiving group showing sparse cell necrosis (blue arrows) and slight portal inflammation (black star) (G and H)

Fig. 5.

Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat kidney tissue sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin representing the control group with normal histological structure (A), the penconazole (PEN)-receiving group showing cytoplasmic vacuolisation (black arrows), necrosis (blue arrows) in the renal epithelium, intraluminal hyaline cast and droplets (black triangles), vascular congestion and haemorrhaging (red stars), inflammatory cells infiltration (black stars), capsular fibrosis (blue star) and glomerular degeneration (black circles) (B–E) and the PEN+N-acetyl-1-cysteine–receiving group showing mild degenerative changes in the tubular epithelium and some glomeruli (black arrows) (F)
Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat kidney tissue sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin representing the control group with normal histological structure (A), the penconazole (PEN)-receiving group showing cytoplasmic vacuolisation (black arrows), necrosis (blue arrows) in the renal epithelium, intraluminal hyaline cast and droplets (black triangles), vascular congestion and haemorrhaging (red stars), inflammatory cells infiltration (black stars), capsular fibrosis (blue star) and glomerular degeneration (black circles) (B–E) and the PEN+N-acetyl-1-cysteine–receiving group showing mild degenerative changes in the tubular epithelium and some glomeruli (black arrows) (F)

Fig. 6.

Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat liver tissue sections stained by immunoperoxidase to localise TNF-α and NF-κB. The control group with normal TNF-α and NF-κB cytoplasmic expression (A and B), PEN group showing strong positive expression of both immune markers (C and D) and the PEN+NAC–receiving group showing weak positive expression of TNF-α and NF-κB (E and F)
Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat liver tissue sections stained by immunoperoxidase to localise TNF-α and NF-κB. The control group with normal TNF-α and NF-κB cytoplasmic expression (A and B), PEN group showing strong positive expression of both immune markers (C and D) and the PEN+NAC–receiving group showing weak positive expression of TNF-α and NF-κB (E and F)

Fig. 7.

Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat kidney tissue sections stained by immunoperoxidase to localise TNF-α and NF-κB. The control group with normal TNF-α and NF-κB cytoplasmic expression (A and B), PEN group showing strong positive expression of both immune markers (C and D) and the PEN+NAC–receiving group showing weak positive expression of TNF-α and NF-κB (E and F)
Photomicrograph of adult male albino Wistar rat kidney tissue sections stained by immunoperoxidase to localise TNF-α and NF-κB. The control group with normal TNF-α and NF-κB cytoplasmic expression (A and B), PEN group showing strong positive expression of both immune markers (C and D) and the PEN+NAC–receiving group showing weak positive expression of TNF-α and NF-κB (E and F)

The microscopic lesion scoring in adult male albino Wistar rats unexposed to penconazole (PEN), exposed to it, and exposed to it with N-acetyl-1 cysteine (NAC) coadministration

 NCNACPENPEN+NAC
Hepatic lesion scoring
HCD0 a1 b4 c2 d
HCN0 a1 b2 c1 b
ICB0 a0 a4 b1 c
Congestion0 a1 b3 c1 b
Haemorrhage0 a0 a2 b0 a
Inflammation0 a0 a2 b1 c
Renal lesion scoring
RTD0 a1 b4 c2 d
RTN0 a1 b4 c2 d
ICB0 a0 a4 b1 c
Congestion0 a1 b4 c2 d
Haemorrhage0 a0 a2 b0 a
Inflammation0 a0 a4 b1 c

Effects of N-acetyl-1-cysteine (NAC) on liver and kidney function tests in adult male albino Wistar rats exposed to penconazole (PEN)

GroupAST (U/L)ALT (U/L)Creatinine (mg/dL)Urea (mg/dL)
NC69.66 ± 1.16#24.70 ± 0.82#0.72 ± 0.01#25.18 ± 0.56
PEN114.05 ± 4.79*51.35 ± 1.46*1.62 ± 0.02*57.36 ±0.60*
PEN+NAC86.20 ± 2.15*#38.24 ± 1.55*#0.85 ± 0.01#38.51 ± 0.45*#
NAC71.23 ± 1.52#27.12 ± 0.67#0.68 ± 0.01#27.94 ± 0.35#
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0039 | Journal eISSN: 2450-8608
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Language: English
Page range: 459 - 469
Submitted on: Dec 24, 2022
Accepted on: Jun 26, 2023
Published on: Sep 20, 2023
Published by: National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
penconazole,
Nrf2,
HO-1,
Keap1,
NF-κB
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Molecular biology,
Microbiology and virology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Veterinary medicine

© 2023 Ashraf M. Morgan, Hanan A. Ogaly, Shaimaa Kamel, Maha M. Rashad, Eman I. Hassanen, Marwa A. Ibrahim, Mona K. Galal, Aya M. Yassin, Sharah A. Al Dulmani, Fatimah A.M. Al-Zahrani, Ahmed M. Hussien, published by National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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