Antimicrobial agent resistance determinants of the Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates
| Species | Antimicrobial resistance gene content | Number of R strains | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VanA | 0 | |||
| Glycopeptides | VanB | 0 | 1 | |
| NP | 80 | |||
| tet(L) | 0 | |||
| tet(M) | 43 | |||
| E. faecalis (n = 80) | Tetracyclines | tet(W) | 0 | 50 |
| NP | 37 | |||
| ermB | 4 | |||
| Macrolides, | vatD | 0 | ||
| lincosamides, | 79 | |||
| streptogramins | vgaA | 15 | ||
| NP | 62 | |||
| VanA | 0 | |||
| Glycopeptides | VanB | 0 | 0 | |
| NP | 30 | |||
| tet(L) | 0 | |||
| tet(M) | 0 | |||
| Tetracyclines | 3 | |||
| E. faecium (n = 30) | tet(W) | 0 | ||
| NP | 30 | |||
| ermB | 1 | |||
| Macrolides, | vatD | 0 | ||
| lincosamides, | 22 | |||
| streptogramins | vgaA | 1 | ||
| NP | 28 | |||
Prevalence of enterococci resistant to antimicrobial agents isolated from raw goat’s milk samples
| Antimicrobial agent | Number (%) of resistant strains | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. faecalis (n = 80) | E. faecium (n = 30) | Enterococcus spp. (n = 86) | Total (n = 196) | |
| Ampicillin | 1 (1.25) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) |
| Chloramphenicol | 4 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (2) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 1 (1.25) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) |
| Daptomycin | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (4.65) | 4 (2) |
| Erythromycin | 8 (10) | 6 (20) | 0 (0) | 14 (7) |
| Gentamicin | 1 (1.25) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) |
| Kanamycin | 12 (15) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 13 (6.6) |
| Lincomycin | 79 (98.75) | 22 (73.3) | 1 (1.16) | 102 (52) |
| Linezolid | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Nitrofurantoin | 2 (2.5) | 9 (30) | 0 (0) | 11 (5.6) |
| Penicillin | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Streptomycin | 11 (13.75) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 11 (5.6) |
| Teicoplanin | 1 (1.25) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.33) | 3 (1.5) |
| Tetracycline | 50 (62.5) | 3 (10) | 6 (6.97) | 59 (30) |
| Tigecycline | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Tylosin | 7 (8.75) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 8 (4.1) |
| Quinupristin/Dalfopristin | 80 (100) | 2 (6.6) | 19 (22.09) | 101 (51.5) |
| Vancomycin | 1 (1.25) | 0 (0) | 3 (3.48) | 4 (2) |
Species of enterococci isolated from raw goat’s milk samples
| Species | Number of raw goat milk samples |
|---|---|
| E. faecalis (n = 80) | 62 |
| E. faecium (n = 30) | 23 |
| Enterococcus spp. (n = 86) | 67 |
| E. faecalis + E. faecium | 5 |
| E. faecalis + Enterococcus spp. | 13 |
| E. faecium + Enterococcus spp. | 2 |
| Total | 172 |
Frequency distribution of the resistance patterns of enterococci isolated from raw goat’s milk samples to antimicrobial agents
| Antimicrobial resistance pattern | Number (%) of isolates with antimicrobial resistance patterns | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 196) E. | faecalis (n = 80) | E. faecium (n = 30) | Enterococcus spp. (n = 86) | |
| No resistance | 60 (30.6) | 0 (0) | 5 (16.7) | 55 (64) |
| Single resistance | 38 (19.4) | 1 (1.3) | 10 (33.3) | 27 (31.4) |
| Multiple resistance | 98 (50) | 79 (98.7) | 15 (50) | 4 (4.6) |
| 2 antimicrobials | 43 (21.9) | 28 (35) | 11 (36.7) | 4 (4.6) |
| 3 antimicrobials | 35 (17.9) | 32 (40) | 3 (10) | - |
| 4 antimicrobials | 4 (2) | 3 (3.75) | 1 (3.3) | - |
| 5 antimicrobials | 11 (5.6) | 11 (13.75) | - | - |
| 7 antimicrobials | 2 (1) | 2 (2.5) | - | - |
| 8 antimicrobials | 3 (1.5) | 3 (3.7) | - | - |