Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

List of considered samples, with the name of the species, the family, the site of observation, the abbreviation, and parameters values for elongation of each species
| Species | Family | Site | Sample abbreviation | EL | GDs | Dmin | IbD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthoxanthum odoratum | Poaceae | Pot Clermont-Ferrand | AnOdPC | 18.8(2.4) | 774 | 0.07 | 1.43(0.072) |
| Anthoxanthum odoratum | Poaceae | Nozeyrolles | AnOdN | 18.8(2.4) | 774 | 0.07 | 1.43(0.072) |
| Arrhenatherum elatius | Poaceae | Pot Clermont-Ferrand | ArElPC | 17.6(1.2) | 302 | 0.098 | 3.78(0.070) |
| Dactylis glomerata | Poaceae | Nozeyrolles | DaGlN | 14.7(1.3) | 803 | 0.075 | 2.43(0.071) |
| Lolium perenne | Poaceae | Thouzon | LoPeT | 16.6(1.7) | 1533 | 0.058 | 2.44(0.069) |
| Poa trivialis | Poaceae | Pot Clermont-Ferrand | PoTrPC | 25.8(1.1) | 1407 | 0.051 | 1.09(0.067) |
| Poa trivialis | Poaceae | Thouzon | PoTrT | 25.8(1.1) | 1407 | 0.051 | 1.09(0.067) |
| Zea mays | Poaceae | Pot Avignon | ZeMaPC | 51 | 50 | 0.14 | 2 |
Parameters for Parrondo's game
| Name | Description | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| p10 | maximum winning probability of branch 1 | - | 0.75 |
| P20 | maximum winning probability of branch 2 | - | 0.1 |
| Rthr | capital threshold of rhizomer | - | 5 |
| RAgemax | growth duration of rhizomer | day | 5 |
| K | K-nearest neighbor | - | 2 |
| ɛ | biases | - | 0.005 |
| EL | slope of potential elongation rate versus diameter | mm·mm−1·day−1 | according to species |
| GDs | growth duration parameter | day·mm−2 | according to species |
| Dmin | minimum threshold diameter below which there is no possible elongation | mm | according to species |