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Host status and susceptibility of Cannabis sativa cultivars to root-knot nematodes Cover

Host status and susceptibility of Cannabis sativa cultivars to root-knot nematodes

By: J. Coburn and  J. Desaeger  
Open Access
|Mar 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Root galls caused by RKN (M. javanica and M. incognita mixed population) on hemp roots (cv. Carmagnola Selezionata, left) compared to cucumber roots (cv. Dasher II, middle) (Trial 1) and cv. Cherry Blossom × T1 (right; Trial 2) (Photos J. Coburn).
Root galls caused by RKN (M. javanica and M. incognita mixed population) on hemp roots (cv. Carmagnola Selezionata, left) compared to cucumber roots (cv. Dasher II, middle) (Trial 1) and cv. Cherry Blossom × T1 (right; Trial 2) (Photos J. Coburn).

Figure 2:

Hemp plant dry weights (g) for inoculated (+) and uninoculated (−) plants with a mixed population of root-knot species and six European hemp cultivars. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 1).
Hemp plant dry weights (g) for inoculated (+) and uninoculated (−) plants with a mixed population of root-knot species and six European hemp cultivars. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 1).

Figure 3:

Hemp plant dry weights (g) with a mixed population of root-knot species and 11 hemp cultivars; all plants were inoculated with 10,000 RKN eggs. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 2).
Hemp plant dry weights (g) with a mixed population of root-knot species and 11 hemp cultivars; all plants were inoculated with 10,000 RKN eggs. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 2).

Figure 4:

Hemp plant dry weights (g) for RKN inoculated (+) and uninoculated (−) plants with two CBD and two Chinese fiber hemp cultivars. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 3).
Hemp plant dry weights (g) for RKN inoculated (+) and uninoculated (−) plants with two CBD and two Chinese fiber hemp cultivars. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 3).

Figure 5:

Hemp plant dry weights (g) for two cannabigerol (CBG) hemp cultivars and a nematicide in naturally RKN-infested soil. P values (P ≤ 0.05) represent significant differences between cultivars by treatment (PG = Gold, PP= Panacea; NA = naturally infested soil, V = Velum, ST = steamed soil.). Velum was applied at 0.48 kg a.i./Ha. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 4).
Hemp plant dry weights (g) for two cannabigerol (CBG) hemp cultivars and a nematicide in naturally RKN-infested soil. P values (P ≤ 0.05) represent significant differences between cultivars by treatment (PG = Gold, PP= Panacea; NA = naturally infested soil, V = Velum, ST = steamed soil.). Velum was applied at 0.48 kg a.i./Ha. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD with P ≤ 0.05 (Trial 4).

Figure 6:

Cannabis sativa (cv. Panacea) 60 days after planting in RKN-infested field soil. (Left) naturally infested soil, (middle) nematicide-treated (fluopyram) soil, (right) steamed soil (Photo J. Coburn).
Cannabis sativa (cv. Panacea) 60 days after planting in RKN-infested field soil. (Left) naturally infested soil, (middle) nematicide-treated (fluopyram) soil, (right) steamed soil (Photo J. Coburn).

Figure 7:

Hemp plant dry weights (g) two hemp cultivars (Eletta Campana = fiber, Cherry Blossom × T1 = CBD) exposed to two RKN species, M. enterolobii and M. hapla. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD where P ≤ 0.05. PCBxT1 = Cherry Blossom × T1, PEC = Eletta (Trial 5).
Hemp plant dry weights (g) two hemp cultivars (Eletta Campana = fiber, Cherry Blossom × T1 = CBD) exposed to two RKN species, M. enterolobii and M. hapla. Factor levels not connected by the same letter are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD where P ≤ 0.05. PCBxT1 = Cherry Blossom × T1, PEC = Eletta (Trial 5).

Nematode reproduction on two Chinese fiber and two CBD hemp cultivars after 60 days with a mixed population of M_ incognita and M_ javanica (Trial 3)_

Gall Index (0–10)Eggs/Whole RootEggs/g of Dry RootJ2s/potReproduction Factor (Rf)
Bama1.85802501,3500.193
Puma-31.82502203,3200.357
Cherry Blossom × T11.42802403,4700.376
Cherry Blossom1.22601902,7400.299
Cucumber*4.027,520-8,2983.58
P value0.6330.3410.6240.6570.694

Hemp cultivars evaluated with their given use and geographical origin_

CultivarOriginUse
Cherry BlossomUSACBD
Cherry Blossom × T1USACBD
GoldUSACBG
PanaceaUSACBG
BamaSouth ChinaDUAL
CarmagnolaItalyDUAL
Carmagnola SelezionataItalyDUAL
HelenaSerbiaDUAL
TygraPolandDUAL
Yuma-2South ChinaDUAL
Eletta CampanaItalyFIBER
FibranovaItalyFIBER
Puma-3South ChinaFIBER

Nematode reproduction on two cannabigerol (CBG) hemp cultivars after 60 days with a mixed natural field population of M_ incognita and M_ javanica with and without nematicide (V) application (Trial 4)_

Gall IndexTotal Eggs/RootEggs/g Dry Root Wt.J2s/PotPf
Gold6.8b253,600192,620a30,620b284,230ab
Gold (V)3.4de82,98068,710ab19,980b102,960b
Panacea5.2c113,64047,430b14,240b127,880b
Panacea (V)2.3e47,10024,400b9,040b44,910b
Tomato8.2a235,600122,800ab65,540a301,140a
Tomato (V)4.4cd184,640103,280ab23,270b207,910b
P value< 0.00010.0990.041< 0.00010.0002

Nematode reproduction on six European hemp cultivars after 60 days with a mixed population of M_ incognita and M_ javanica (Trial 1)_

J2/stained rootGall Index (0–10)Eggs/Whole RootEggs/g of Dry RootJ2s/pot
Helena15b2.4292,02053,600600
Tygra6b2.6523,300138,7001,500
Fibranova22ab2.0333,60049,0101,550
Eletta Campana45ab2.6468,96056,250990
Carmagnola41ab2.8401,41052,420350
Carmagnola Selezionata60a3.0498,94071,710430
Cucumber*457.0460,800-225
P value0.0080.6300.5570.5010.114

Nematode reproduction of M_ enterolobii and M_ hapla on a CBD and fiber cultivar after 60 days (Trial 5)_

Gall Index (0–10)Eggs/Whole RootEggs/g of Dry RootJ2s/potReproduction Factor (Rf)
CBD - Cherry Blossom × T1 (+ Me)1.4b2,6001,710770b0.338
Fiber - Eletta Campana (+ Me)2.0b16,3007,4751,300b1.759
Cucumber (+ Me)3.8a27,03016,8504,860a3.189
P value0.0040.1880.1870.0460.158
CBD - Cherry Blossom × T1 (+ Mh)1.8b3,470a1,490a4,4000.787
Fiber - Eletta Campana (+ Mh)1.0b1,640b790ab5,8600.750
Cucumber (+ Mh)3.8a500b130b5,8800.638
P value< 0.00010.0030.0250.7730.871

Nematode reproduction on 11 hemp cultivars (European, Chinese and American, fiber, dual-use and CBD) after 60 days with a mixed population of M_ incognita and M_ javanica (Trial 2)_

J2/stained rootGall Index (0–10)Eggs/Whole RootEggs/g of Dry RootJ2s/pot
Helena-5.2a211,100172,68019,530ab
Tygra-5.8a107,53062,64018,930ab
Fibranova-3.8b271,710136,54014,310b
Eletta Campana-4.8a197,73086,94023,720a
Carmagnola-4.8a172,33057,31017,000b
Carmagnola Selezionata-4.8a101,68034,65015,220b
Yuma-2434.4b270,98043,59015,810b
Bama453.4b153,54029,7408,600b
Puma-3483.8b180,48031,5807,420b
Cherry Blossom × T1834.2b187,90051,74011,490b
Cherry Blossom741.8c68,16021,3204,000b
Cucumber*-7.2218,260-9,702
P value0.01<0.0010.5990.0930.014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0003 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Submitted on: Apr 17, 2023
Published on: Mar 14, 2024
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:

© 2024 J. Coburn, J. Desaeger, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.