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Management of Reniform Nematode in Cotton Using Winter Crop Residue Amendments Under Greenhouse Conditions

Journal of Nematology
Volume 55 (2023): Issue 1 (February 2023)
By:
Open Access
|Oct 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Reniform nematode (RN) in 100 cm3 of soil, by amendment, in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C). Ctrl = control without organic matter (OM), Fresh OM= treatment with fresh OM, Dry OM = treatments with dry OM. Letters indicate treatment separation by Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni's method, P < 0.05. Data is displayed as boxplots.
Reniform nematode (RN) in 100 cm3 of soil, by amendment, in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C). Ctrl = control without organic matter (OM), Fresh OM= treatment with fresh OM, Dry OM = treatments with dry OM. Letters indicate treatment separation by Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni's method, P < 0.05. Data is displayed as boxplots.

Figure 2:

Reniform nematode (RN), by amendment, per gram of root in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C) and in the root system in Trial 1 (D), Trial 2 (E), and Trial 3 (F) Ctrl = control without organic matter (OM), Fresh OM = treatment with fresh OM, Dry OM = treatments with dry OM. Letters indicate treatment separation by Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni's method, P<0.05. Data is displayed as boxplots.
Reniform nematode (RN), by amendment, per gram of root in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C) and in the root system in Trial 1 (D), Trial 2 (E), and Trial 3 (F) Ctrl = control without organic matter (OM), Fresh OM = treatment with fresh OM, Dry OM = treatments with dry OM. Letters indicate treatment separation by Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni's method, P<0.05. Data is displayed as boxplots.

Figure 3:

Reniform nematode (RN) reproduction factor (total RN per pot final population/inoculated initial population), by amendment, in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C). Ctrl = control without organic matter (OM), Fresh OM = treatment with fresh OM, Dry OM = treatments with dry OM. Letters indicate treatment separation by Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni's method, P < 0.05. Data is displayed as boxplots.
Reniform nematode (RN) reproduction factor (total RN per pot final population/inoculated initial population), by amendment, in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C). Ctrl = control without organic matter (OM), Fresh OM = treatment with fresh OM, Dry OM = treatments with dry OM. Letters indicate treatment separation by Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni's method, P < 0.05. Data is displayed as boxplots.

Figure 4:

Spearman correlation between reniform nematode (RN) and plant parameters in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C) in experiment 1. Numbers inside squares represent the rho value if P ≤ 0.05. Empty squares represent P ≥ 0.05. Signs before numbers and colors indicate the magnitude of the correlation. 1 (orange color) = perfect positive association of rank, −1 (blue color) = perfect negative association between ranks. RF = Reproduction factor.
Spearman correlation between reniform nematode (RN) and plant parameters in Trial 1 (A), Trial 2 (B), and Trial 3 (C) in experiment 1. Numbers inside squares represent the rho value if P ≤ 0.05. Empty squares represent P ≥ 0.05. Signs before numbers and colors indicate the magnitude of the correlation. 1 (orange color) = perfect positive association of rank, −1 (blue color) = perfect negative association between ranks. RF = Reproduction factor.

Schedule for data collection and agronomic activities in greenhouse trials_

Trial 1Trial 2Trial 3
DateDAPaDateDAPaDateDAPa
1. Winter Crops
  1.1 Planting08 November 2020028 January 2021018 October 20210
  1.2 Harvest
    • Dry OM treatments22 January 20217512 April 20217402 January 202276
    • Fresh OM treatments29 January 20218220 April 20218208 January 202282
  1.3 Organic matter incorporation and nematode inoculation30 January 20218321 April 20218309 January 202283
2. Cotton
  2.1 Planting05 February 2021026 April 2021014 January 20220
  2.2 Plant growth assessment22 April 20217611 July 20217631 March 202276
  2.2 Harvest29 April 20218317 July 20218207 April 202283

Influence of winter crop organic matter incorporation on cotton growth and SPAD value in greenhouse conditions in the presence of reniform nematode_

Trial 1a
TreatmentCanopy coverHeight (cm)Roots fresh weight (g)Shoot dry weight (g)Shoot fresh weight (g)SPAD
p-valueb******************
Control −c6.1 ± 1.2 c13.0 ± 1.2 bc6.6 ± 0.9 b2.1 ± 0.3 cd5.2 ± 0.8 cd43.0 ± 1.8 b
Control +d5.7 ± 0.7 c11.3 ± 0.8 c9.2 ± 1.6 ab1.5 ± 0.1 d4.1 ± 0.4 d34.0 ± 1.0 c
Fresh Amendment
Canola13.6 ± 0.9 abc18.5 ± 0.9 abc16.6 ± 3.4 a3.4 ± 0.2 bc9.2 ± 0.6 abc42.2 ± 1.8 b
Carinata9.1 ± 1.5 bc16.3 ± 1.7 abc10.6 ± 1.9 ab2.0 ± 0.3 cd5.9 ± 0.9 cd45.4 ± 1.2 ab
Hairy vetch11.5 ± 2.4 abc15.4 ± 1.7 abc7.4 ± 1 b2.7 ± 0.4 bcd7.3 ± 1.1 bcd43.3 ± 1.1 b
Oat8.4 ± 1.6 bc17.7 ± 2.4 abc7.5 ± 1.5 b1.5 ± 0.2 d4.5 ± 0.7 cd43.4 ± 1.1 b
Dry Amendment
Canola19.2 ± 4.8 ab21.5 ± 2.6 a7.6 ± 1.4 b3.8 ± 0.5 abc11.7 ± 1.7 ab49.4 ± 0.7 a
Carinata15.7 ± 2.2 ab20.6 ± 0.8 ab8.0 ± 0.6 b3.9 ± 0.4 ab11.0 ± 1.1 ab50.6 ± 0.3 a
Hairy vetch19.0 ± 3.5 ab21.5 ± 2.2 a11.3 ± 2.0 ab4.3 ± 0.5 ab11.9 ± 1.4 ab49.8 ± 0.5 a
Oat21.4 ± 0.9 a22.1 ± 0.7 a8.8 ± 1.0 ab5.3 ± 0.3 a14.0 ± 1.1 a49.5 ± 1.3 a
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0041 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Submitted on: Feb 2, 2023
Published on: Oct 21, 2023
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
biofumigation,
canola,
carinata,
cotton,
hairy vetch,
host,
management,
oat,
reniform nematode,
winter crops
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2023 Rebeca Sandoval-Ruiz, Zane J. Grabau, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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