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Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. (Nematoda: Meloidogyninae) and First Report of M. marylandi in maple and yacca tree from Japan

Open Access
|Apr 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. A: J2; B: Anterior region of J2; C: Anterior region of male; D: Lateral region of male; E: Lateral region of J2; F: Male tail region; G: Variations of J2 tail; H, I: Female perineal patterns. (Scale bars = 10 μm).
Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. A: J2; B: Anterior region of J2; C: Anterior region of male; D: Lateral region of male; E: Lateral region of J2; F: Male tail region; G: Variations of J2 tail; H, I: Female perineal patterns. (Scale bars = 10 μm).

Figure 2

Light photomicrographs of Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. J2. A: Entire body; B: Anterior region; C: Post median bulb region; D: Lateral region; E–K: Tail region. (Scale bars = 10 μm).
Light photomicrographs of Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. J2. A: Entire body; B: Anterior region; C: Post median bulb region; D: Lateral region; E–K: Tail region. (Scale bars = 10 μm).

Figure 3

Light photomicrographs of Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. male and female. A: Male head region; B: Male lateral region; C: Male tail region; D–H: Female perineal patterns. (Scale bars = 10 μm).
Light photomicrographs of Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. male and female. A: Male head region; B: Male lateral region; C: Male tail region; D–H: Female perineal patterns. (Scale bars = 10 μm).

Figure 4

Light photomicrographs of host plant roots infected by Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. and female. A: Root-knot; B: Female.
Light photomicrographs of host plant roots infected by Meloidogyne paramali n. sp. and female. A: Root-knot; B: Female.

Figure 5

Light photomicrographs of Meloidogyne marylandi J2. A: Entire body; B, C: Anterior region; D: Lateral region; E–H: Tail region. (Scale bars = 10 μm).
Light photomicrographs of Meloidogyne marylandi J2. A: Entire body; B, C: Anterior region; D: Lateral region; E–H: Tail region. (Scale bars = 10 μm).

Figure 6

Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the 18S rDNA sequences using the SYM + I + G model (ln L = −9,656.5775; freqA = 0.2500; freqC = 0.2500; freqG = 0.2500; freqT = 0.2500; R(a) = 1.1490; R(b) = 2.9493; R(c) = 1.9703; R(d) = 0.5777; R(e) = 4.7703; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.4140; Shape = 0.4400). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.
Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the 18S rDNA sequences using the SYM + I + G model (ln L = −9,656.5775; freqA = 0.2500; freqC = 0.2500; freqG = 0.2500; freqT = 0.2500; R(a) = 1.1490; R(b) = 2.9493; R(c) = 1.9703; R(d) = 0.5777; R(e) = 4.7703; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.4140; Shape = 0.4400). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.

Figure 7

Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the ITS region of rDNA sequences using the GTR+ G model (ln L = –15,611.9209; freqA = 0.2778; freqC = 0.1784; freqG = 0.2084; freqT = 0.3354; R(a) = 1.1160; R(b) = 2.3301; R(c) = 1.4759; R(d) = 0.7128; R(e) = 2.9133; R(f) = 1.0000; Shape = 0.5730). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.
Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the ITS region of rDNA sequences using the GTR+ G model (ln L = –15,611.9209; freqA = 0.2778; freqC = 0.1784; freqG = 0.2084; freqT = 0.3354; R(a) = 1.1160; R(b) = 2.3301; R(c) = 1.4759; R(d) = 0.7128; R(e) = 2.9133; R(f) = 1.0000; Shape = 0.5730). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.

Figure 8

Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the D2–D3 region of the 28S rDNA sequences using the TVM + I + G model (ln L = –9,976.1624; freqA = 0.2157; freqC = 0.1943; freqG = 0.2737; freqT = 0.3163; R(a) = 1.1061; R(b) = 3.8613; R(c) = 1.8155; R(d) = 0.4745; R(e) = 3.8613; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.2180; Shape = 0.7340). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.
Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the D2–D3 region of the 28S rDNA sequences using the TVM + I + G model (ln L = –9,976.1624; freqA = 0.2157; freqC = 0.1943; freqG = 0.2737; freqT = 0.3163; R(a) = 1.1061; R(b) = 3.8613; R(c) = 1.8155; R(d) = 0.4745; R(e) = 3.8613; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.2180; Shape = 0.7340). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.

Figure 9

Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the intergenic region between CO II and 16S rDNA sequences using the GTR + G model (ln L = −9,869.8599; freqA = 0.3676; freqC = 0.0265; freqG = 0.0939; freqT = 0.5121; R(a) = 3.2156; R(b) = 5.9094; R(c) = 1.5251; R(d) = 2.6383; R(e) = 13.9890; R(f) = 1.0000; Shape = 0.6340). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.
Phylogenetic relationships of the Melodidogyne paramali n. sp. within the genus Meloidogyne as inferred from Bayesian analysis of the intergenic region between CO II and 16S rDNA sequences using the GTR + G model (ln L = −9,869.8599; freqA = 0.3676; freqC = 0.0265; freqG = 0.0939; freqT = 0.5121; R(a) = 3.2156; R(b) = 5.9094; R(c) = 1.5251; R(d) = 2.6383; R(e) = 13.9890; R(f) = 1.0000; Shape = 0.6340). Posterior probabilities are given in clades node. Newly obtained sequences are indicated in bold and the sequence codes are given in specimen-clone.

Morphometrics of J2 of Meloidogyne paramali n_ sp and M_ mali_ All measurements are in micrometer and in the form: mean ± s_d_ (range)_

Meloidogyne paramali n. spM. mali detected from Japanese maple treea
Holotype J2Paratype J2s-
n 2020
Body length441433 ± 13.1 (402–455)425 ± 30.1 (362–466)
Body width14.213.7 ± 0.8 (12.5–15.3)14.0 ± 1.1 (13.1–18.1)
Head end to metacorpus valve60.258.6 ± 2.2 (54–64)53.5 ± 2.1 (49.5–56.8)
Head end to excretory pore80.676.4 ± 3.6 (64–80.8)74.1 ± 4.2 (68.8–82.3)
Head width5.75.6 ± 0.2 (5.0–5.9)5.1 ± 0.41 (4.1–5.7)
Head height3.23.0 ± 0.3 (2.2–3.5)2.6 ± 0.32 (2.1–3.2)
Stylet length11.811.7 ± 0.5 (10.8–12.5)10.5 ± 0.5 (9.5–11.6)
Stylet conus6.56.4 ± 0.3 (6.0–7.0)5.7 ± 0.5 (4.7–6.7)
Knobs height1.11.1 ± 0.1 (0.9–1.2)1.2 ± 0.2 (0.8–1.6)
Knobs width2.01.8 ± 0.3 (1.5–2.4)2.1 ± 0.2 (1.8–2.7)
DGO3.63.3 ± 0.3 (2.4–3.9)4.4 ± 0.57 (3.5–5.5)
Tail length33.632.2 ± 3.5 (24–36.8)32.7 ± 3.0 (29.2–39.3)
Anal body diam.8.28.0 ± 0.6 (6.9–8.7)7.9 ± 0.9 (5.9–9.6)
Tail hyaline portion4.34.3 ± 0.6 (3.0–4.9)7.2 ± 2.3 (3.9–9.3)
a31.031.7 ± 1.6 (28.2–34.8)30.4 ± 2.6 (25.2–34.5)
b(body length/Head end to metacorpus valve)7.37.4 ± 0.2 (7.0–7.7)8.0 ± 0.6 (6.8–9.2)
c13.113.6 ± 1.9 (11.7–18.9)13.2 ± 1.1 (11.6–15.3)
c’4.14.1 ± 0.5 (2.8–4.8)4.2 ± 0.7 (3.1–5.6)
m55.054.1 ± 2.9 (50.5–58.9)54.5 ± 3.8 (47–60.3)
O30.528.1 ± 3.7 (21.4–34.5)41.9 ± 5.8 (31.6–53.9)
Head width/head height1.81.87 ± 0.2 (1.7–2.5)2.0 ± 0.2 (1.6–2.3)
h% (Tail hyaline portion/tail length×100)12.813.7 ± 1.8 (9.8–17.1)21.7 ± 5.9 (12.7–27.8)

Morphometrics of J2 of Meloidogyne marylandi and other populations_ All measurements are in micrometer and in the form: mean ± s_d_ (range)_

Japan on Podocarpus macrophyllusJapan on Panicum crus-galliaIsrael on Avena strigosabUSA on Zoysia japonicac
n14100-20
L381.7 ± 20.7392.3 ± 22.05442.9 ± 13.5395.1 ± 12.5
(351.7–418.4)(338.6–449.3)(396.0–445.5)(367.8–411.8)
Body width13.9 ± 0.615.7 ± 0.4414.8 ± 0.816.2 ± 0.8
(12.8–14.7)(14.2–16.6)(13.4–15.9)(14.8–17.7)
Stylet length12.5 ± 0.612.9 ± 0.4511.0 ± 0.410.8 ± 0.3
(11.5–13.4)(11.5–14.1)(10.4–11.9)(10.6–11.2)
Stylet base to head14.5 ± 0.4 (13.7–15.0)15.4 ± 0.46 (13.7–16.6)14.6 ± 0.7 (13.4–15.9)
DGO3.1 ± 0.32.5 ± 0.262.6 ± 0.42.4 ± 0.1
(2.8–3.6)(1.8–3.1)(2.2–2.9)(1.8–2.9)
Head end to metacorpus valve55.3 ± 2.4 (51.0–57.9)45.7 ± 7.3 (30.1–66.3)52.8 ± 1.9 (51.2–54.9)51.3 ± 1.4 (49.5–54.3)
Tail length52.7 ± 1.563.7 ± 2.7363.1 ± 3.157.9 ± 1.6
(49.5–54.0)(53.6–70.5)(60.4–69.3)(55.5–60.2)
Tail hyaline portion11.2 ± 1.2 (9.5–13.5)12.3 ± 1.1 (9.3–14.7)12.4 ± 0.9 (9.9–13.4)11.5 ± 0.6 (10.0–12.4)
a27.4 ± 1.225.0 ± 1.328.8 ± 1.724.5 ± 1.0
(26.4–30.2)(22.3–28.4)(26.2–31.3)(22.9–26.4)
c7.2 ± 0.36.2 ± 0.296.8 ± 0.46.8 ± 0.2
(7.0–7.9)(5.5–7.1)(6.3–7.6)(6.4–7.3)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0036 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Submitted on: Jun 27, 2022
Published on: Apr 19, 2023
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2023 Jianfeng Gu, Yiwu Fang, Xinxin Ma, Baolin Shao, Kan Zhuo, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.