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Belonolaimus longicaudatus Host Status and Pathogenicity on Sweetpotato Cover

Belonolaimus longicaudatus Host Status and Pathogenicity on Sweetpotato

Journal of Nematology
Volume 54 (2022): Issue 1 (February 2022)
By: Zane J. Grabau,  Chang Liu,  Rebeca Sandoval-Ruiz and  Wendy Mussoline  
Open Access
|Jul 2022

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Soil sting nematode abundances at the termination of the greenhouse experiment as influenced by sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rate and crop type including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.). In subfigure titles, “no inoculum,” “medium inoculum,” and “high inoculum” indicate non-inoculated, medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively), and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among crops within inoculation rate and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.
Soil sting nematode abundances at the termination of the greenhouse experiment as influenced by sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rate and crop type including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.). In subfigure titles, “no inoculum,” “medium inoculum,” and “high inoculum” indicate non-inoculated, medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively), and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among crops within inoculation rate and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.

Figure 2

Sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) reproductive factor (final divided by initial soil abundances) at the termination of the greenhouse experiment as influenced by crop type – including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) – within sting nematode inoculation rate. The horizontal line in each pane indicates the reproductive factor is equal to 1, which generally delineates the host status. In subfigure titles, “medium” and “high” indicate medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively) and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among crops within inoculation rate and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.
Sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) reproductive factor (final divided by initial soil abundances) at the termination of the greenhouse experiment as influenced by crop type – including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) – within sting nematode inoculation rate. The horizontal line in each pane indicates the reproductive factor is equal to 1, which generally delineates the host status. In subfigure titles, “medium” and “high” indicate medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively) and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among crops within inoculation rate and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.

Figure 3

Final shoot weight at the termination of the greenhouse experiment for different crops – including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) – as influenced by sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rate. “0,” “M,” and “H” indicate non-inoculated, medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively), and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among inoculation rates within crop and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.
Final shoot weight at the termination of the greenhouse experiment for different crops – including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) – as influenced by sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rate. “0,” “M,” and “H” indicate non-inoculated, medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively), and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among inoculation rates within crop and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.

Figure 4

Final root weight at the termination of the greenhouse experiment for different crops – including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays, L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) – as influenced by sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rate. “0,” “M,” and “H” indicate non-inoculated, medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively), and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among inoculation rates within crop and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.
Final root weight at the termination of the greenhouse experiment for different crops – including sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars, corn (Zea mays, L.), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) – as influenced by sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rate. “0,” “M,” and “H” indicate non-inoculated, medium (26 and 40 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively), and high rates of sting nematode inoculation (157 and 240 sting nematodes per pot in Trials 1 and 2, respectively). Letters indicate significant (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05) differences among inoculation rates within crop and trial. Values are means (N = 5) and standard errors.

Leaves per plant for sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L_) Lam_) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L_), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L_) at various sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rates in greenhouse experiments_

CornaSunn hemp‘Beauregard’‘Covington’
Inoculation ratec Leaves per plant 30 DAI: Trial 1b
Non-inoculated5137 b5
Medium7138 ab6
High5119 a6
Inoculation rate Leaves per plant 30 DAI: Trial 2
Non-inoculated6 b1396
Medium7 a1298
High6 b12107
Inoculation rate Leaves per plant 70 DAI: Trial 1
Non-inoculated11181010
Medium1023109
High1016139
Inoculation rate Leaves per plant 68 DAI: Trial 2
Non-inoculated921116
Medium919119
High1019149

Plant height (cm) of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L_) Lam_) cultivars, corn (Zea mays L_), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L_) under various sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau, 1958) inoculation rates in greenhouse experiments_

CornaSunn hemp‘Beauregard’‘Covington’
Inoculation ratec Plant height 30 DAI: Trial 1b
Non-inoculated42.634.5 b41.026.2
Medium32.450.6 a26.039.0
High38.439.0 b35.236.5
Inoculation rate Plant height 30 DAI: Trial 2
Non-inoculated44.9 b36.327.519.0
Medium37.2 a32.927.823.9
High48.1 b27.126.425.2
Inoculation rate Plant height 70 DAI: Trial 1
Non-inoculated39.857.0 b67.138.5
Medium40.585.5 a47.839.4
High40.456.9 b76.143.0
Inoculation rate Plant height 68 DAI: Trial 2
Non-inoculated42.560.544.621.2
Medium45.455.752.931.3
High46.749.660.431.2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0019 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Submitted on: Feb 3, 2022
Published on: Jul 2, 2022
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
corn,
host,
management,
sting nematode,
sunn hemp,
sweetpotato
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2022 Zane J. Grabau, Chang Liu, Rebeca Sandoval-Ruiz, Wendy Mussoline, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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