Table 1
Effect of Fol race 3 on RKN (M. javanica) severity in Tasti Lee isolines with and without Mi and I-3 genes in experiment 1.
| Factors | Level | *Gall index (30 DAT) | Eggs/root (30 DAT) | RF (30 DAT) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fol | Yes | 1.1 b | 2,921 b | 0.3 b |
| None | 2.7 a | 33,580 a | 3.4 a | |
| Cultivars | TL (+/-3, +Mi) | 0.5 b | 140 d | 0.01 b |
| TL (−/-3, +Mi) | 0.6 b | 379 c | 0.03 b | |
| TL (+/-3, −Mi) | 3.2 a | 32,736 b | 3.3 a | |
| TL (−/-3, −Mi) | 3.5 a | 39,750 a | 4.0 a | |
| P-value | Fol | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 |
| Cultivar | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0008 | |
| Fol*Cultivar | 0.212 | 0.003 | 0.004 |
[i] DAT, days after transplanting; RF, reproduction factor; TL, Tasti Lee; +, with; -, without.
Values followed by the same letter within a column for each factor are not statistically different according to Tukey’s HSD at the 95% level of confidence (or a = 0.05).
*Gall index: 0 = no visible galls in the root and 10 = whole root system galled up without any fibrous roots left and the plant is dead.
Figure 1
Interaction between Fol 3 and cultivar on egg production of Tasti Lee isolines (with and without I-3 and Mi genes) at 28 DAT in experiment 1. TL, Tasti Lee; +, with, -, without; DAT, days after transplanting.
Note: Although effects are grouped by genetic background, letters indicating significance apply across all means.
Figure 2
Interaction between Fol race 3, RKN (M. javanica), and Tasti Lee isolines on plant growth of all four Tasti Lee isolines (with and without I-3 and Mi genes) at 28 DAT in experiment 1. TL, Tasti Lee; +, with, -, without; DAT, days after transplanting.
Note: Although effects are grouped by genetic background, letters indicating significance apply across all means.
Figure 3
Effect of Fol (A) and RKN (B) on plant height by time in experiment 1. Fus, Fusarium wilt; Nem, root-knot nematode.
Figure 4
Interaction between Fol race 3, RKN (M. javanica), and Tasti Lee isolines on shoot biomass of all four Tasti Lee isolines (with and without I-3 and Mi genes) at 30 DAT in experiment 1. TL, Tasti Lee; +, with, -, without; DAT, days after transplanting. Note: Although effects are grouped by genetic background, letters indicating significance apply across all means.
Figure 5
Interaction between Fol race 3, RKN (M. javanica), and Tasti Lee isolines on root biomass of all four Tasti Lee isolines (with and without I-3 and Mi genes) at 30 DAT in experiment 1. TL, Tasti Lee; +, with, -, without; DAT, days after transplanting. Note: Although effects are grouped by genetic background, letters indicating significance apply across all means.
Table 2
Effect of RKN (M. javanica) and Fol race 3 on plant height and biomass of Tasti Lee isolines with and without Mi and I-3 genes in experiment 1.
| 0 DAT | 7 DAT | 14 DAT | 21 DAT | 28 DAT | Root | Shoot | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RKN | Yes | 13.7 a | 15.7 b | 20.0 b | 25.3 b | 30.9 b | 0.8 a | 2.7 b |
| None | 13.7 a | 16.2 a | 21.7 a | 27.6 a | 35.2 a | 0.9 a | 3.4 a | |
| Fol | Yes | 13.7 a | 14.7 b | 17.0 b | 19.6 b | 23.3 b | 0.6 b | 1.4 b |
| None | 13.7 a | 17.2 a | 24.6 a | 33.3 a | 42.8 a | 1.2 a | 4.7 a | |
| Cultivars | TL (+I-3, +Mi) | 13.6 a | 15.6 b | 20.3 b | 25.7 b | 32.6 b | 0.8 b | 3.0 a |
| TL (−I-3, +Mi) | 13.9 a | 15.9 ab | 20.7 b | 26.3 b | 32.0 b | 0.8 b | 3.1 a | |
| TL (+I-3, −Mi) | 13.8 a | 16.5 a | 21.9 a | 27.9 a | 35.5 a | 0.9 a | 3.1 a | |
| TL (−I-3, −Mi) | 13.5 a | 15.7 b | 20.5 b | 26.0 b | 32.3 b | 0.9 a | 2.9 a | |
| P-value | RKN | 0.920 | 0.0246 | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.1181 | <0.0001 |
| Fol | 0.920 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| RKN*Fol | 0.271 | 0.423 | 0.910 | 0.587 | 0.120 | <0.0001 | 0.134 | |
| Cultivar | 0.109 | 0.022 | 0.024 | 0.032 | 0.011 | 0.0005 | 0.277 | |
| RKN*Cultivar | 0.306 | 0.526 | 0.113 | 0.025 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.020 | |
| Fol*Cultivar | 0.223 | 0.255 | 0.075 | 0.030 | 0.039 | 0.202 | 0.134 | |
| RKN*Fol*Cultivar | 0.800 | 0.284 | 0.426 | 0.173 | 0.045 | 0.009 | 0.438 |
Table 3
Effect of Fol race 3 on RKN (M. javanica) severity in Tasti Lee isolines with and without Mi gene in experiment 2.
| Factors | Level | *Gall index (42 DAT) | Eggs/root (42 DAT) | RF (42 DAT) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fol | 0 DAT | 4.5 a | 44,101 b | 4.4 b |
| 10 DAT | 5.1 a | 149,912 a | 15.0 a | |
| None | 5.2 a | 162,088 a | 16.2 a | |
| Cultivars | TL (−I-3, −Mi) | 5.6 a | 161,328 a | 16.1 b |
| TL (−I-3, +Mi) | 4.3 b | 76,072 b | 7.6 a | |
| P-value | Fol | 0.278 | 0.0002 | 0.002 |
| Cultivar | 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.003 | |
| Fol*Cultivar | 0.329 | 0.001 | 0.005 |
[i] DAT, days after transplanting; RF, reproduction factor; TL, Tasti Lee; +, with; -, without.
Values followed by the same letter within a column for each factor are not statistically different according to Tukey’s HSD at the 95% level of confidence (or a = 0.05).
*Gall index: 0 = no visible galls in the root and 10 = whole root system galled up without any fibrous roots left and the plant is dead.
Figure 6
Interaction between Fol and cultivar on egg production of two Tasti Lee isolines (with and without Mi gene) at 42 DAT in experiment 2. TL, Tasti Lee; +, with, -, without; DAT, days after transplanting; 0 DAT, inoculated at planting; 10 DAT, inoculated 10 days after transplanting. Note: Although effects are grouped by genetic background, letters indicating significance apply across all means.
Figure 7
Effect of Fol on J2 penetration at 10 DAT on Tasti Lee isoline without Mi gene in experiment 2. J2, second stage RKN juvenile; +, with, −, without; DAT, days after transplanting; 0 DAT, inoculated at planting; 10 DAT, inoculated 10 days after transplanting.
Figure 8
Interaction between Fol race 3 and RKN (M. javanica) on plant growth of two Tasti Lee isolines (without I-3 gene and with or without Mi gene) at 28 and 42 DAT in experiment 2. DAT, days after transplanting; 0 DAT, inoculated at planting; 10 DAT, inoculated 10 days after transplanting.
Figure 9
Effect of Fol (A) and RKN (B) on plant height by time in experiment 2. Fus, Fusarium wilt; Nem, root-knot nematode; 0D, 0 days after transplanting; 10D, 10; DAT, days after transplanting.
Table 4
Effect of RKN (M. javanica) and Fol race 3 on plant height and biomass of Tasti Lee isolines with and without the Mi gene in experiment 2.
| 0 DAT | 14 DAT | 28 DAT | 42 DAT | Root | Shoot | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RKN | Yes | 6.8 a | 13.0 b | 35.7 b | 47.1 b | 1.3 b | 6.8 b |
| None | 6.6 a | 14.7 a | 45.1 a | 61.4 a | 1.9 a | 9.7 a | |
| Fol | 0 DAT | 6.5 b | 12.9 b | 35.3 b | 50.2 b | 1.2 b | 6.5 c |
| 10 DAT | 7.0 a | 14.7 a | 44.5 a | 58.4 a | 1.6 a | 7.9 b | |
| None | 6.6 b | 13.9 ab | 41.5 a | 54.1 ab | 1.9 a | 10.4 a | |
| Cultivar | TL (−I-3, −Mi) | 6.7 a | 14.2 a | 39.0 b | 52.1 a | 1.5 a | 8.0 a |
| TL (−I-3, +Mi) | 6.7 a | 13.5 a | 41.8 a | 56.4 a | 1.7 a | 8.5 a | |
| P-value | RKN | 0.479 | 0.0008 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Fol | 0.037 | 0.009 | <0.0001 | 0.049 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| RKN*Fol | 0.374 | 0.470 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.008 | 0.0004 | |
| Cultivar | 0.919 | 0.151 | 0.049 | 0.105 | 0.219 | 0.278 | |
| RKN*Cultivar | 0.479 | 0.275 | 0.154 | 0.652 | 0.652 | 0.009 | |
| Fol *Cultivar | 0.352 | 0.406 | 0.388 | 0.288 | 0.076 | 0.130 | |
| RKN*Fol*Cultivar | 0.374 | 0.430 | 0.936 | 0.964 | 0.804 | 0.241 |
Figure 10
Interaction between Fol race 3 and RKN (M. javanica) on root and shoot biomass of two Tasti Lee isolines (without I-3 gene and with or without Mi gene) at 42 DAT in experiment 2. DAT, days after transplanting; 0 DAT, inoculated at planting; 10 DAT, inoculated 10 days after transplanting.
Figure 11
Effect of RKN and Fol and its combination on plant growth and development in tomato. (A) Tasti Lee isolines with Mi gene and (B) Tasti Lee isoline without Mi gene in experiment 2. In both pictures, five plants infected with Fol alone at right and five with Fol + M. javanica at left. Photo credit: Homan Regmi.
Table 5
Comparisons of plant biomass in non-treated control with different combinations of RKN (M. javanica) and Fol race 3 in experiments 1 and 2.
| Shoot | P-value | Root | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTC vs RKN | 0.9 | <0.0001 | −0.1 | 0.036 |
| NTC vs Fol | 3.4 | <0.0001 | 0.4 | <0.0001 |
| NTC vs RKN+Fol | 4.0 | <0.0001 | 0.7 | <0.0001 |
| Experiment 2 | ||||
| NTC vs RKN | 1.2 | 0.120 | 0.3 | 0.106 |
| NTC vs Fol (0 DAT) | 1.7 | 0.024 | 0.4 | 0.1007 |
| NTC vs RKN+Fol (0 DAT) | 7.3 | <0.0001 | 1.5 | <0.0001 |
| NTC vs Fol (10 DAT) | 2.1 | 0.008 | 0.4 | 0.098 |
| NTC vs RKN+Fol (10 DAT) | 4.1 | <0.0001 | 0.6 | 0.007 |