Bioimpedance-based evaluation of relative leaf age in mango twigs using electrical impedance spectroscopy
References
- Lim PO, Kim HJ, Gil Nam H. Leaf Senescence. Annual Review of Plant Biology [Internet]. 2007;58:115–36.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105316 - Chen CC, Chen H, Chen YR. A new method to measure leaf age: Leaf measuring-interval index. American Journal of Botany. 2009;96(7):1313–8.
https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0800303 - Schwan HP. Electrical Properties of Tissue and Cell Suspensions. Advances in Biological and Medical Physics. 1957;5:147–209.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4832-3111-2.50008-0 - Serrano-Finetti E, Castillo E, Alejos S, León Hilario LM. Toward noninvasive monitoring of plant leaf water content by electrical impedance spectroscopy. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture [Internet]. 2023;210:107907.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.107907 - Van Haeverbeke M, De Baets B, Stock M. Plant impedance spectroscopy: a review of modeling approaches and applications. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2023;14: 1187573.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1187573 - Lazanas AC, Prodromidis MI. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy─A Tutorial. ACS Measurement Science Au. 2023;3(3):162–93.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00070 - Stupin DD, Kuzina EA, Abelit AA, Emelyanov AK, Nikolaev DM, Ryazantsev MN, et al. Bioimpedance Spectroscopy: Basics and Applications. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering. 2021;7(6):1962–86.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01570 - Jinyang L, Meiqing L, Hanping M, Wenjing Z. Diagnosis of potassium nutrition level in Solanum lycopersicum based on electrical impedance. Biosystems Engineering. 2016;147:130–8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.04.005 - Ariwanto B, Harnawan AA, Ibadurrahman RM, Restuadji F, Zalda K, Ain K. A Preliminary Study of Meat Type Detection Using Analog Discovery 2-Based Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy. AIP Conf. Proc. 2025;3346:020004.
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286283 - Zou Z, Song G-L, Wang ZM, Zheng D. A novel single-electrode AC probe for rapid monitoring of both instantaneous and accumulated electrochemical parameters in corrosion. Electrochimica Acta. 2019;321:134664.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134664 - Ain K, Putra AP, Rahma ON, Hikmawati D, Rahmatillah A, Abdullah CAC. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Potential Tool for Detecting Bone Porosity. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 2024;370:115252.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2024.115252 - Ain K, Putra AP, Amelia, Suprijanto, Susanti H, Puspitasari D, et al. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy as Candidate Tools to Detect Bone Fracture. In: 2023 8th International Conference on Instrumentation, Control, and Automation (ICA) [Internet]. IEEE; 2023. p. 298–301.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICA58538.2023.10273123 - Dabacan M. Analog Discovery 2 Reference Manual. Digilent Reference. 2018; Available from:
http://autolab.sjtu.edu.cn/Assets/userfiles/sys_eb538c1c-65ff-4e82-8e6a-a1ef01127fed/files/AD2用户手册.pdf - Holland S, Prust C, Kelnhofer R, Wierer J. Effective Utilization of the Analog Discovery Board Across Upper-Division Electrical Engineering Courses. In: 2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings. ASEE Conferences; 2016. Available from:
http://peer.asee.org/26904 - Zhang MIN, Willison JHM. Electrical Impedance Analysis in Plant Tissues 8. Journal of Experimental Biology. 1993;44(265): 1369–75.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/44.8.1369 - Basak R, Wahid KA. Assessment of Leaf Phosphorus for Multiple Crop Species Using an Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Sensor. In: 2023 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS). IEEE; 2023. p. 1–6.
https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS58821.2023.10254124 - Grossi M, Riccò B. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for biological analysis and food characterization: a review. Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems. 2017;6(2):303–25.
https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-6-303-2017 - Haeverbeke M Van, Stock M, De Baets B. Equivalent Electrical Circuits and Their Use Across Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Application Domains. IEEE Access. 2022;10:51363–79.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3174067 - Zhu G, Zhang T, Chen M, Yao K, Huang X, Zhang B, et al. Bone physiological microenvironment and healing mechanism: Basis for future bone-tissue engineering scaffolds. Bioactive Materials. 2021;6(11):4110–40.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.043 - Hayden RI, Moyse CA, Calder FW, Crawford DP, Fensom DS. Electrical impedance studies on potato and alfalfa tissue. Journal of Experimental Botany. 1969;20(2):177–200.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/20.2.177 - Zhang MIN, Willison JHM. Electrical Impedance Analysis in Plant Tissues 11. Journal of Experimental Botany. 1991;42(11):1465–75.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/42.11.1465 - Amini M, Hisdal J, Kalvøy H. Applications of bioimpedance measurement techniques in tissue engineering. Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance. 2018;9(1):142–58.
https://doi.org/10.2478/joeb-2018-0019 - Bandarenka A, Ragoisha G. EISSA (EIS Spectrum Analyser). Minsk-Belarus: Belarusian State University; 2013. Available from:
http://www.abc.chemistry.bsu.by/vi/analyser/ - Grimnes S, Martinsen ØG. Chapter 7 - Electrodes. In: Grimnes S, Martinsen ØG. Bioimpedance and Bioelectricty Basics, 3rd ed. Oxford: Academic Press; 2015. p. 179–254.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-411470-8.00007-6 - Barsoukov E, Macdonald JR, editors. Impedance Spectroscopy. Wiley; 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1002/0471716243 - Ozier-Lafontaine H, Bajazet T. Analysis of Root Growth by Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Plant and Soil. 2005;277 (1-2):299–313.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-7531-3 - Cao Y, Repo T, Silvennoinen R, Lehto T, Pelkonen P. Analysis of the willow root system by electrical impedance spectroscopy. Journal of Experimental Botany. 2011;62(1):351–8.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq276 - Bertemes-Filho P, Cavalieri R. Plant tissue differentiation using electrical impedance spectroscopy with deep neural networks. International Journal of Biosensors & Bioelectronics. 2020;6(1): 20–23.
https://doi.org/10.15406/ijbsbe.2020.06.00182
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/joeb-2026-0004 | Journal eISSN: 1891-5469
Language: English
Page range: 23 - 30
Submitted on: Nov 25, 2025
Published on: Mar 21, 2026
Published by: University of Oslo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2026 Ade Agung Harnawan, Khusnul Ain, Nuril Ukhrowiyah, Imam Sapuan, Ahmad Hoirul Basori, published by University of Oslo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.