Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Bioimpedance-based evaluation of relative leaf age in mango twigs using electrical impedance spectroscopy Cover

Bioimpedance-based evaluation of relative leaf age in mango twigs using electrical impedance spectroscopy

Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance
Volume 17 (2026): Issue 1 (January 2026)
By: Ade Agung Harnawan,  Khusnul Ain,  Nuril Ukhrowiyah,  Imam Sapuan and  Ahmad Hoirul Basori  
Open Access
|Mar 2026
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1:

Mango leaf sample in twig (a) The position of five leaves on the twig, (b) the five samples with symbols d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5.

Fig. 2:

Approximation structure model. (a) The anatomical structure of a fruits and vegetables [18], (b) Hayden equivalent electrical circuit [18], (c) double-shell equivalent electrical circuit [19].

Fig. 3:

Design of sample impedance measurement. (a) the scheme measurement, (b) the impedance process measurement with the Analog Discovery 2 and the result displayed on computer.

Fig. 4:

The modified double-shell equivalent electrical circuit.

Fig. 5:

The Nyquist plot in six samples with fitting plot; (a) Gadung; (b) Manalagi; (c) Golek; (d) Janis; (e) Podang; (f) Apel.

Fig. 6.

Linear regression of C1.

Fig. 7.

Linear regression of R1.

Spearman’s correlation analysis_

NoMango VarietyC1R1n1
ρp-valueρp-valueρp-value
1Manalagi−1.0-0.90.0370.10.872
2Gadung−0.50.3911.0-−0.60.284
3Janis−1.0-0.10.8730.50.391
4Apel−1.0-0.90.0370.80.104
5Podang−1.0-1.0-0.60.284
6Golek−1.0-0.90.0370.80.104

Regression parameters of R1_

Varietya (intercept)b (slope)R2
Gadung82064.5 ± 4311.544311.5 ± 571.080.949
Manalagi88630.0 ± 10984.687790.0 ± 1454.950.909
Golek104355.0 ± 14714.807875.0 ± 1949.020.844
Janis109730.0 ± 11997.191030.0 ± 1589.060.123
Podang−6070.5 ± 2528.2416415.5 ± 3348.760.889
Apel171435 ± 23819.126915.0 ± 3154.920.616

Regression parameters of C1_

Varietya (intercept)b (slope)R2
Gadung2.11E-10 ± 2.76E-11-5.54E-12 ± 3.66E-120.434
Manalagi2.01E-10 ± 1.43E-11-1.10E-11 ± 1.89E-120.918
Golek1.41E-10 ± 1.05E-11-3.34E-12 ± 1.39E-120.657
Janis1.79E-10 ± 7.17E-13-6.41E-12 ± 9.50E-140.999
Podang3.97E-10 ± 3.52E-11-2.78E-11 ± 4.66E-120.921
Apel1.46E-10 ± 3.49E-12-6.44E-12 ± 4.63E-130.984
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/joeb-2026-0004 | Journal eISSN: 1891-5469
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 23 - 30
Submitted on: Nov 25, 2025
Published on: Mar 21, 2026
Published by: University of Oslo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Electrical impedance spectroscopy,
charge transfer resistance,
double-shell equivalent circuit,
membrane capacitance,
relative leaf age
Related subjects:
Engineering,
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering,
Biomedical electronics,
Life sciences,
Biophysics,
Medicine,
Biomedical engineering,
Physics,
Spectroscopy and metrology

© 2026 Ade Agung Harnawan, Khusnul Ain, Nuril Ukhrowiyah, Imam Sapuan, Ahmad Hoirul Basori, published by University of Oslo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 17 (2026): Issue 1 (January 2026)
Previous article