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The Imperial Japanese Navy and the battle of the Philippine Sea: An analysis of the main causes of defeat Cover

The Imperial Japanese Navy and the battle of the Philippine Sea: An analysis of the main causes of defeat

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Open Access
|Sep 2021

Figures & Tables

Tab. 1

Ratio of the number of fighters on CAP to the total number on CVs1

Number of fighters on CAPTotal number of fighters on CVsRatio of fighters on CAP to total number on CVs
Battle of the Coral Sea17420.405
Battle of Midway14250.560
Battle of the Eastern Solomons531000.530
Total841670.503

1 Data from 防衛庁 [Defense Agency of Japan] 1971a, p. 86–87

防衛庁 [Defense Agency of Japan] 1971c, p. 396, 436–437

Morison 1984, p. 84–87, 93

Lundstrom 2007, p. 312

Lundstrom 2006, p. 188

Sherman 1950, p. 106–109.

Tab. A1

Case 1 (Battle of the Coral Sea)2

IJN forces2 CVs (Shokaku and Zuikaku)
USN forces2 CVs (USS Yorktown and USS Lexington)
A190
α151
S140 (13 fighters and 17 bombers)
d15

2 Data from 防衛庁[Defense Agency of Japan] 1971a, p. 189, 307, 310, 319

Lundstrom 2006, p. 188

Sherman 1950, p. 106–109.

CV, aircraft carrier; IJN, Imperial Japanese Navy; USN, United States Navy.

Tab. A2

Case 2 (Battle of Midway)3

IJN forces1 CV (Hiryu)
USN forces1 CV (USS Yorktown)
A236
α228
S214
d25

3 Data from 防衛庁[Defense Agency of Japan],1971c, p. 396, 436–437

Lundstrom 2007, p. 293–295, 311–314.

CV, aircraft carrier; IJN, Imperial Japanese Navy; USN, United States Navy.

Tab. A3

Case 3 (Battle of the Eastern Solomons)4

IJN forces2 CVs (Shokaku and Zuikaku)
USN forces3 CVs (USS Enterprise, USS Saratoga, and USS Wasp)
A390
α354
S353
d33

4 Data from 防衛庁[Defense Agency of Japan], 1971a, p. 545, 569 Morison 1984, p. 79–107.

CV, aircraft carrier; IJN, Imperial Japanese Navy; USN, United States Navy.

Tab. A4

Case 4 (Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands)5

IJN forces2.5 CVs (Shokaku, Zuikaku, and Zuiho)
USN forces2 CV (USS Hornet and USS Enterprise)
A496
S438
d49

5 Data from 防衛庁[Defense Agency of Japan] 1971b, p. 268–317 Morison 1984, p. 199–210.

According to Hughes (2000, p. 105), CVL (Zuiho) is assumed to be 1/2 CV.

CV, aircraft carrier; CVL, light aircraft carrier; IJN, Imperial Japanese Navy; USN, United States Navy.

Tab. A5

Case 5 (Battle of the Philippine Sea)6

INJ forces6 CVs (Shokaku, Zuikaku, Taiho, etc.)
USN forces11 CVs (USS Hornet, USS Yorktown, USS Wasp etc.)
A5270
S5236
d50

6 Data from 防衛庁[Defense Agency of Japan] 1971d, p. 268–317, p. 408.

As a CVL is assumed to be 1/2 CV, the IJN force (3 CVs and 6 CVLs) is regarded as 9 CVs and the USN force (7 CVs and 8 CVL) is regarded as 11 CVs.

CV, aircraft carrier; CVL, light aircraft carrier; IJN, Imperial Japanese Navy; USN, United States Navy.

Tab. A6

Case 6 (Battle of the Philippine Sea)7

INJ forces6 CVs + land-based air force
USN forces11 CVs
A6430 (270 (+ 300(× 2/3 (Defense Agency of Japan, 1971d: 408, 569))
S6236

7 Data from 防衛庁[Defense Agency of Japan] 1971d, p. 268–317, p. 408, 569.

We assume that the IJN land-based air force could devote 2/3 of its aircraft to a joint attack with the carrier group.

CV, aircraft carrier; IJN, Imperial Japanese Navy; USN, United States Navy.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jms-2021-0006 | Journal eISSN: 1799-3350 | Journal ISSN: 2242-3524
Language: English
Page range: 154 - 161
Submitted on: Dec 1, 2020
Accepted on: Apr 7, 2021
Published on: Sep 24, 2021
Published by: National Defense University
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2021 Yuki Yagi, published by National Defense University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.