Figure 1.
![Bronfenbrenner’s Bio-Ecological Systems Framework (B-ESF) [11,12]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/67db2e828d1bec042eabb8f0/j_jhp-2025-0014_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKMSJLFTHM%2F20251211%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251211T004103Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBUaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEZfhexCcXsiUTqb84DfTF8RwiSxMdXLxwMM0tUo6qoTAiBtFaI6f2I0yRw429K2mWuSQrntA9Aeg4CtzahYFjgS2irGBQje%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMz5J0C%2BxwgazruM8iKpoFsWKcyfqlDzPfdL0Z0d%2B5Nn2bTZQOmZfsAq35r0e51dHVg4B6L%2BCMpB0NGX9jYC%2FqQeTq8k9Sc%2B3Hn8QvAXSWyaZkTpVrNF1vTnzNy5dWjBz5EbHqUbOmOppJsxFaYuDZb4i9%2Bn1akWxmwNso3lYudC0WZujRyAZfNIP8VbyHMb%2BpkvRVnEZkZPjqLC2DC6%2Fp4YFdO28nlG6c6Qp9zyIx0j1dOxxE4jRfPzRf3FsZZHI%2BHiXyyUS6x7KCrYI76beK8b26FAfilUqGtjgabu5CvMIi90SO6eoln%2FtbAq4paKyEqruikfPtck9jY433DmXQwQoCcW6zlu1U5lO5gfPZKOgt1HizhQh1gYDVZY0diql4NroJu1IH8uAokLKhRj3i%2BobG7FR9etD9jGx9ayMcE3QoliD1CiikZ5fUVSMff1eXJPL6sps7KMe6DD8q3Q%2FQe2pDqEmB9YNeM%2FxhoIuz9XzI4pbuDVGo45LPnoyQ%2BZK%2F%2F2Qhfi%2F3jb%2FD0E20OLqQUGOnWHkwwNiuSgl1DN4N6KnYaZWx%2Fz9qz%2BvPrvZN0avJQ4TJwE9Q781Au%2FRDzbUyyKmCeqAbPEmLRYZiXynGiQJ3TQ%2BJLSqm7Wd9cDj46XOwJ5ni7xewWWk2sIecmpJX18aCdKE3nGkKIMmdrHn4FX4v%2F1fyT%2F0V0RGG8UrmjdN918SfnjmpZmaNh%2Ff8Le18saurNX34l1exxRRMrhuJqRZ8kv1W0VmBVljOtZlHPAAnkpCGQ%2FytSYxTMfhQ8Xaxx4ox6qAx5er0ZARKfM%2FB7KzXM3g5j7XspIHRB4FHQ33yHjFjuYBg840EBvoZFIUBNnfPpOht0WKLtu0mz3gvO5XSGOQJ3cypOq9ZJ0GNm3e6XOFE7qMqcszeMJfC58kGOrIBooSIIgxDGAKpcu640RPgssR8yxetkyBCY0afAvU6PGjPvqAEMZ6ulTQOPjQoSVy7Tc9u5EDUs5F0ULlwtRMqL2Q2oNJkrQBOunIG%2Flgdd%2Fx%2F9YrVzBVn%2BWy0pB%2B1tFHaZ9wLJFEWvPOlbrBG6q6RKTDIesq8rczrCVxYrFIFG%2BBHvi7Ozrs7yF%2FlDpB1vaKt1P2rLMn4R8VXe%2BPQeyfzj2U8tD8XiY32QBVWsR%2FhFYxbkw%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=38b98d384e35ee7bf36e12166e0d753a7f33368ab5fdaf9537a7c6fb9169b5c4&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Participant demographics (N=13)
| FEMALE (NO GENE) | FEMALE (GENE) WITH CHILD WITH HAEMOPHILIA | FEMALE (GENE) WITHOUT CHILD WITH HAEMOPHILIA | MALE (PWH) | MALE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
| Sibling | 1 | 1 | 1 |
![Bronfenbrenner’s Bio-Ecological Systems Framework (B-ESF) [11,12]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/67db2e828d1bec042eabb8f0/j_jhp-2025-0014_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKMSJLFTHM%2F20251211%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251211T004103Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBUaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEZfhexCcXsiUTqb84DfTF8RwiSxMdXLxwMM0tUo6qoTAiBtFaI6f2I0yRw429K2mWuSQrntA9Aeg4CtzahYFjgS2irGBQje%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMz5J0C%2BxwgazruM8iKpoFsWKcyfqlDzPfdL0Z0d%2B5Nn2bTZQOmZfsAq35r0e51dHVg4B6L%2BCMpB0NGX9jYC%2FqQeTq8k9Sc%2B3Hn8QvAXSWyaZkTpVrNF1vTnzNy5dWjBz5EbHqUbOmOppJsxFaYuDZb4i9%2Bn1akWxmwNso3lYudC0WZujRyAZfNIP8VbyHMb%2BpkvRVnEZkZPjqLC2DC6%2Fp4YFdO28nlG6c6Qp9zyIx0j1dOxxE4jRfPzRf3FsZZHI%2BHiXyyUS6x7KCrYI76beK8b26FAfilUqGtjgabu5CvMIi90SO6eoln%2FtbAq4paKyEqruikfPtck9jY433DmXQwQoCcW6zlu1U5lO5gfPZKOgt1HizhQh1gYDVZY0diql4NroJu1IH8uAokLKhRj3i%2BobG7FR9etD9jGx9ayMcE3QoliD1CiikZ5fUVSMff1eXJPL6sps7KMe6DD8q3Q%2FQe2pDqEmB9YNeM%2FxhoIuz9XzI4pbuDVGo45LPnoyQ%2BZK%2F%2F2Qhfi%2F3jb%2FD0E20OLqQUGOnWHkwwNiuSgl1DN4N6KnYaZWx%2Fz9qz%2BvPrvZN0avJQ4TJwE9Q781Au%2FRDzbUyyKmCeqAbPEmLRYZiXynGiQJ3TQ%2BJLSqm7Wd9cDj46XOwJ5ni7xewWWk2sIecmpJX18aCdKE3nGkKIMmdrHn4FX4v%2F1fyT%2F0V0RGG8UrmjdN918SfnjmpZmaNh%2Ff8Le18saurNX34l1exxRRMrhuJqRZ8kv1W0VmBVljOtZlHPAAnkpCGQ%2FytSYxTMfhQ8Xaxx4ox6qAx5er0ZARKfM%2FB7KzXM3g5j7XspIHRB4FHQ33yHjFjuYBg840EBvoZFIUBNnfPpOht0WKLtu0mz3gvO5XSGOQJ3cypOq9ZJ0GNm3e6XOFE7qMqcszeMJfC58kGOrIBooSIIgxDGAKpcu640RPgssR8yxetkyBCY0afAvU6PGjPvqAEMZ6ulTQOPjQoSVy7Tc9u5EDUs5F0ULlwtRMqL2Q2oNJkrQBOunIG%2Flgdd%2Fx%2F9YrVzBVn%2BWy0pB%2B1tFHaZ9wLJFEWvPOlbrBG6q6RKTDIesq8rczrCVxYrFIFG%2BBHvi7Ozrs7yF%2FlDpB1vaKt1P2rLMn4R8VXe%2BPQeyfzj2U8tD8XiY32QBVWsR%2FhFYxbkw%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=38b98d384e35ee7bf36e12166e0d753a7f33368ab5fdaf9537a7c6fb9169b5c4&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)


| FEMALE (NO GENE) | FEMALE (GENE) WITH CHILD WITH HAEMOPHILIA | FEMALE (GENE) WITHOUT CHILD WITH HAEMOPHILIA | MALE (PWH) | MALE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
| Sibling | 1 | 1 | 1 |
© 2025 Sally-Anne Wherry, Liz Berragan, Roz Jennings, published by Haemnet Ltd
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.