TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the included patients
| Variable | Patients (n = 113) |
|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± s.d. | 70.54 ± 8.96 |
| Male, n (%) | 88 (77.88%) |
| Comorbidities and risk factors, n (%) | |
| Hypertension | 101 (89.38%) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 72 (63.72%) |
| Chronic heart failure | 42 (37.17%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 12 (10.62%) |
| Cardiovascular events | 16 (14.16%) |
| Cerebrovascular events | 21 (18.58%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 70 (61.95%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 12 (10.62%) |
| Obesity | 26 (23.01%) |
| Active smoking | 73 (64.60%) |
| Dyslipidemia | 52 (46.02%) |
| Laboratory data, median (Q1-Q3) | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 13.0 (11.5-14.0) |
| Hematocrit, % | 38.20 (34.15-42.25) |
| WBC | 9.16 (7.32-10.51) |
| BUN, mg/dl | 38.5 (30.4-55.64) |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 0.91 (0.78-1.16) |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 84.76 (60.44-103.34) |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 117.0 (96.1-148.45) |
| Neutrophils, × 103/μl | 6.27 (4.73-7.71) |
| Lymphocytes, × 103/μl | 1.80 (1.44-2.26) |
| Monocytes, × 103/μl | 0.65 (0.51-0.85) |
| PLT, × 103/μl | 249.35 (205.25-307.1) |
| Clinical severity, n (%) | |
| Stage III Leriche-Fontaine, n (%) | 47 (41.59%) |
| Stage IV Leriche-Fontaine, n (%) | 66 (58.41%) |
| Depression or anxiety disorder, n (%) | 14 (12.39%) |
| Length of stay, days, mean ± s.d. | 6.27 ± 4.03 |
TABLE 2.
Demographic data, comorbidities, risk factors, and laboratory data based on the presence of depression or anxiety disorder
| Variable | Depression or anxiety disorder | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 99) | Yes (n = 14) | ||
| Age, years, mean ± s.d. | 70.37±9.15 | 71.71±7.32 | 0.656 |
| Male, n (%) | 79 (79.80%) | 9 (64.29%) | 0.191 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 90 (90.91%) | 11 (78.57%) | 0.161 |
| Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 60 (60.61%) | 12 (85.71%) | 0.067 |
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 39 (39.39%) | 3 (21.43%) | 0.193 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 11 (11.11%) | 1 (7.14%) | 0.652 |
| Cardiovascular events, n (%) | 11 (11.11%) | 5 (35.71%) | 0.013 |
| Cerebrovascular events, n (%) | 12 (12.12%) | 9 (64.29%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 61 (61.62%) | 9 (64.29%) | 0.529 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 11 (11.11%) | 1 (7.14%) | 0.652 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 20 (20.20%) | 6 (42.86%) | 0.059 |
| Active smoking, n (%) | 64 (64.65%) | 9 (64.29%) | 0.979 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 45 (45.45%) | 7 (50.00%) | 0.749 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 13.02 (11.62–14.03) | 12.40 (10.28–13.58) | 0.312 |
| Hematocrit, % | 38.25 (34.5–42.0) | 36.11 (32.95–42.8) | 0.593 |
| WBC | 8.94 (7.11–10.49) | 9.58 (9.16–10.52) | 0.118 |
| BUN, mg/dl | 36.44 (29.8–50.77) | 48.1 (38.1–71.4) | 0.023 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 0.91 (0.76–1.09) | 1.08 (0.83–1.29) | 0.305 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 85.82 (62.49–104.34) | 70.54 (43.31–99.80) | 0.199 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 118.45 (96.13–150.4) | 114.0 (95.0–121.0) | 0.448 |
| Neutrophils, × 103/μl | 6.26 (4.56–7.65) | 6.27 (5.92–8.32) | 0.308 |
| Lymphocytes, × 103/μl | 1.80 (1.43–2.19) | 1.94 (1.55–2.92) | 0.426 |
| Monocytes, × 103/μl | 0.65 (0.50–0.86) | 0.73 (0.52–0.79) | 0.849 |
| PLT, × 103/μl | 246.5 (202.25–311.5) | 254.85 (232.5–290.1) | 0.657 |
| Stage III Leriche–Fontaine, n (%) | 42 (42.42%) | 5 (35.71%) | 0.634 |
| Stage IV Leriche–Fontaine, n (%) | 57 (57.58%) | 9 (64.29%) | |
| Length of stay, days, mean ± s.d. | 6.02 ± 3.96 | 8.00 ± 4.18 | 0.064 |
FIGURE 1.
Differences between patients with and without depression or anxiety disorders for NLR (A), PLR (B), MLR (C), and LGI (D).
TABLE 3.
Univariate analysis of risk factors for depression or anxiety disorder in patients with CLTI
| Variable | Depression or anxiety disorder | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p value | |
| Male | 2.19 | 0.66–7.27 | 0.199 |
| Age | 1.16 | 0.66–2.02 | 0.598 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 3.90 | 0.83–18.38 | 0.085 |
| Cardiovascular events | 4.44 | 1.26–15.67 | 0.020 |
| Cerebrovascular events | 13.05 | 3.74–45.49 | <0.001 |
| Active smoking | 0.98 | 0.31–3.16 | 0.979 |
| Obesity | 2.96 | 0.92–9.51 | 0.068 |
| Leriche–Fontaine classification | |||
| Stage III | 0.75 | 0.24–2.41 | 0.634 |
| Stage IV | 1.33 | 0.41–4.25 | |