TABLE 1.
Demographic data, comorbidities, risk factors, and laboratory data of the study population
| Variable | All patients (n = 59) | Without atherosclerosis (n = 34) | With atherosclerosis (n = 25) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± s.d. | 37.19 ± 5.49 | 35.68 ± 6.04 | 39.24 ± 3.88 | 0.007 |
| Male, n (%) | 32 (54.24%) | 17 (50%) | 15 (60%) | 0.446 |
| Comorbidities and risk factors, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 11 (18.64%) | 4 (11.76%) | 7 (28%) | 0.114 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 3 (5.08%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (12%) | 0.038 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1 (1.69%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4%) | 0.240 |
| Cerebrovascular events | 5 (8.47%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (20%) | 0.006 |
| Obesity | 5 (8.47%) | 3 (8.82%) | 2 (8%) | 0.911 |
| Active smoking | 27 (45.76%) | 7 (20.59%) | 20 (80%) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 10 (16.95%) | 3 (8.82%) | 7 (28%) | 0.052 |
| Chronic renal disease | 2 (3.39%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (8%) | 0.093 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (3.39%) | 1 (2.94%) | 1 (4%) | 0.824 |
| Laboratory data, mean ± s.d. | ||||
| Red blood cells, × 106/μl | 4.64 ± 0.49 | 4.72 ± 0.52 | 4.54 ± 0.45 | 0.190 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 13.88 ± 1.67 | 14.00 ± 1.87 | 13.71 ± 1.38 | 0.416 |
| Hematocrit, % | 41.17 ± 4.43 | 41.63 ± 4.98 | 40.55 ± 3.56 | 0.244 |
| Platelets, × 103/μl | 260.65 ± 74.82 | 239.24 ± 52.44 | 289.78 ± 90.62 | 0.038 |
| WBCs, × 103/μl | 8.09 ± 2.82 | 7.31 ± 2.14 | 9.15 ± 3.30 | 0.003 |
| Neutrophils, × 103/μl | 5.50 ± 2.50 | 4.61 ± 1.89 | 6.7 ± 2.75 | 0.002 |
| Lymphocytes, × 103/μl | 2.15 ± 0.79 | 1.91 ± 0.53 | 2.46 ± 0.97 | 0.01 |
| Monocytes, × 103/μl | 0.63 ± 0.22 | 0.57 ± 0.18 | 0.70 ± 0.25 | 0.024 |
| Eosinophils, × 103/μl | 0.19 ± 0.23 | 0.16 ± 0.12 | 0.22 ± 0.32 | 0.429 |
| Basophiles, × 103/μl | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.889 |
| Na, mmol/l | 140.3 ± 2.34 | 140.61 ± 2.2 | 139.9 ± 2.5 | 0.211 |
| K, mmol/l | 4.39 ± 0.43 | 4.34 ± 0.28 | 4.45 ± 0.55 | 0.568 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 98.5 ± 36.61 | 92.86 ± 14.54 | 105.72 ± 52.52 | 0.355 |
| BUN, mg/dl | 31.44 ± 22.21 | 28.78 ± 6.92 | 34.73 ± 32.41 | 0.347 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 0.99 ± 1.5 | 0.82 ± 0.13 | 1.21 ± 2.27 | 0.231 |
| GFR, ml/min | 106.85 ± 23.05 | 104.49 ± 15.99 | 109.87 ± 29.88 | 0.228 |
| Quick time, s | 12.41 ± 1.3 | 12.27 ± 1.48 | 12.59 ± 1.03 | 0.118 |
| Prothrombin activity, % | 98.5 ± 19.53 | 100.11 ± 17.56 | 96.4 ± 22.07 | 0.298 |
| INR | 1.03 ± 0.11 | 1.02 ± 0.1 | 1.03 ± 0.12 | 0.530 |
| GOT, U/l | 27.02 ± 15.04 | 27.38 ± 13.92 | 26.66 ± 16.32 | 0.682 |
| GPT, U/l | 32.77 ± 27.98 | 33.66 ± 30.09 | 31.67 ± 25.8 | 0.977 |
FIGURE 1.
Graphic representation of the difference between patients with systemic atherosclerosis and without systemic atherosclerosis for NLR (A), PLR (B), MLR (C), and LGI (D)
TABLE 2.
Clinical stage of PAD among patients with systemic atherosclerosis
| Leriche Fontaine classification, n (%) | Systemic atherosclerosis group (n = 25) |
|---|---|
| Stage IIA | 6 (24%) |
| Stage IIB | 5 (20%) |
| Stage III | 3 (12%) |
| Stage IV | 5 (20%) |
| Carotid stenosis | 6 (24%) |
FIGURE 2.
ROC curve analysis for LGI regarding the presence of systemic atherosclerosis
TABLE 3.
Predictive factors of systemic atherosclerosis in the study population
| OR | 95% CI | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 0.76 | 0.26–2.16 | 0.601 |
| Age | 2.07* | 1.12–3.83 | 0.021 |
| Hypertension | 2.00 | 0.53–7.51 | 0.304 |
| Chronic renal disease | 1.48 | 0.09–24.84 | 0.786 |
| Obesity | 0.97 | 0.15–6.29 | 0.975 |
| Active smoking | 4.39 | 1.01–19.19 | 0.049 |
| Platelets | 2.18* | 1.15–4.13 | 0.017 |
| WBCs | 2.06* | 1.12–3.79 | 0.020 |
| Neutrophils | 2.75* | 1.37–5.49 | 0.004 |
| Lymphocytes | 2.47* | 1.14–5.34 | 0.021 |
| Monocytes | 2.03* | 1.10–3.72 | 0.021 |
| LGI | 2.90* | 1.15–7.29 | 0.024 |