References
- 1. Weiss R, Knight BP, Gold MR, et al. Safety and efficacy of a totally subcutaneous implantable-cardioverter defibrillator. Circulation. 2013;128:944-953. doi: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003042.10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003042
- 2. Olde Nordkamp LR, Brouwer TF, Barr C, et al. Inappropriate shocks in the subcutaneous ICD: incidence, predictors and management. Int J Cardiol. 2015;195:126-133. doi: 10.1016/j. ijcard.2015.05.13510.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.135
- 3. Gold MR, Ahmad S, Browne K, et al. Prospective comparison of discrimination algorithms to prevent inappropriate ICD therapy: primary results of the Rhythm ID Going Head to Head Trial. Heart Rhythm. 2012;9:370–377. doi: 10.1016/j. ijcard.2015.05.135.10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.10.004
- 4. Saini A, Ellenbogen KA. Oversensing and inappropriate shock in a patient with subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator: What is the mechanism? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;40:897-899. doi: 10.1111/pace.13105.10.1111/pace.13105
- 5. Theuns DAMJ, Brouwer TF, Jones PW, et al. Prospective blinded evaluation of a novel sensing methodology designed to reduce inappropriate shocks by the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Heart Rhythm. 2018;15:1515-1522. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.05.011.10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.05.011
- 6. Gold MR, Lambiase PD, El-Chami MF, et al. Primary Results From the Understanding Outcomes With the S-ICD in Primary Prevention Patients With Low Ejection Fraction (UNTOUCHED) Trial. Circulation. 2021;143:7-17. doi: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048728.
- 7. Alvarez-Acosta L, Romero-Garrido R, Hernandez-Afonzo J. Inappropriate Defibrillator Shock in a Subcutaneous Device Secondary to Repetitive Muscle Contractions. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2014;67:496-498. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.02.006.10.1016/j.rec.2014.02.006
- 8. Corzani A, Ziacchi M, Biffi M, et al. Inappropriate shock for myopotential over-sensing in patients with subcutaneous ICD. Indian Heart J. 2015;67:56-59. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2015.01.001.10.1016/j.ihj.2015.01.001
- 9. Zipse MM, Sauer WH, Varosy PD, et al. Inappropriate Shocks due to Subcutaneous Air in a Patient With a Subcutaneous Cardiac defibrillator. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2014;7:768-770. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.114.001614.10.1161/CIRCEP.114.001614
- 10. Chieng D, Stewart B, Paul V. Inappropriate shock from myopotentials due to subcutaneous defibrillator (S-ICD) movement conformed on fluoroscopy with subsequent device pocket revision. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2018;53:263-265. doi: 10.1007/s10840-018-0405-4.10.1007/s10840-018-0405-4
- 11. Ahmed AS, Patel PJ, Bagga S, et al. Troubleshooting electromagnetic interference in a patient with centrifugal flow left ventricular assist device and subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2018;29:477-481. doi: 10.1111/jce.13433.10.1111/jce.13433
- 12. Ishida Y, Payne JE, Field ME, et al. Electromagnetic interference from left ventricular assist devices in patients with subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2020;31:1195-1201. doi: 10.1111/ jce.14431.10.1111/jce.14431
- 13. van den Bruck JH, Sultan A, Plenge T, et al. Incidence of myopotential induction in subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients: is the oversensing issue really solved? Heart Rhythm. 2019;16:1523-1530. doi: 10.1016/j. hrthm.2019.04.044.10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.04.044
- 14. Kooiman KM, Knops RE, Olde Nordkamp L, et al. Inappropriate subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks due to T-wave oversensing can be prevented: implications for management. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:426-434. doi: 10.1016/j. hrthm.2013.12.007.10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.12.007
- 15. Santomauro M, Petretta M, Riganti C, et al. Electrical Storm in Patients with Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy: Current Trends in Clinical Practice between Guidelines and Technology Progress. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1909-1915. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)00495-1.10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00495-1
- 16. Auricchio A, Hudnall JH, Schloss EJ, et al. Inappropriate shocks in single-chamber and subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Europace. 2017;19:1973-1980. doi: 10.1093/europace/ euw415.10.1093/europace/euw415
- 17. Santomauro M, Petretta M, Riganti C, et al. Incidence of Inappropriate Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator discharges related to Electromagnetic Interferences. International Journal of Integrative Cardiology. 2020;2:1-5. doi: 10.47275/2690-862X-108.10.47275/2690-862X-108
- 18. McFaul CM, Lombaard S, Arora V, et al. Unexpected Shocks From a Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Despite Attempted Reprogramming and Magnet Use: A Case Report. A A Pract. 2020;14:e01178. doi: 10.1213/ XAA.0000000000001178.10.1213/XAA.000000000000117832224692
- 19. Jacob S, Panaich SS, Maheshwari R, et al. Clinical applications of magnets on cardiac rhythm management devices. Europace. 2011;13:1222-1230. doi: 10.1093/europace/eur137.10.1093/europace/eur13721616944
- 20. Santomauro M, Cacciatore F, Riganti C, et al. Guidance of Clinical Magnet Application of Inhibition of Inappropriate Shock in Patient of Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: A Review of the Literature. Online Journal of Cardiology Research and Reports. 2021;5:1-7. doi: 10.33552/ OJCR.2021.05.000605.10.33552/OJCRR.2021.05.000605
- 21. Raphael CE, Koa-Wing M, Stain N, et al. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator recipient attitudes towards device deactivation: how much do patients want to know? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2011;34:1628-1633. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03223.x.10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03223.x21955046
- 22. Porres JM, Laviñeta E, Reviejo C, Brugada J. Application of a clinical magnet over implantable cardioverter defibrillators: Is it safe and useful? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2008;31:1641-1645. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2008.01239.x.10.1111/j.1540-8159.2008.01239.x19067820
- 23. Joshi GP. Perioperative management of outpatients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2009;22:701-704. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e32833189a0.10.1097/ACO.0b013e32833189a019713835
- 24. Boston Scientific: Using a magnet to temporarily inhibit S-ICD therapy manual. Available at: https://www.bostonscientific.com/content/dam/bostonscientific/quality/education-resources/english-a4/EN-ACL-SICD-Magnet-Use-20150413 [Accessed 13 April 2015]
- 25. Magnet Response of Boston Scientific Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices. Available at: https://www.bostonscientific.com/content/dam/bostonscientific/quality/education-resources/english-a4/EN_ACL_Magnet%20Use%20with%20BSC%20CIED_20210421.pdf [Accessed 21 April 2021]
- 26. Essandoh M, Daoud EG. Perioperative Considerations for Patients With Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Aesth. 2016;30:756-761. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2016.01.010.10.1053/j.jvca.2016.01.01027151530
- 27. Berkowitz EJ, Pleimann BF, Rosenfels LE. Subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator oversensing and shock delivery due to chest compression during CPR. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2018;41:1687-1690. doi: 10.1111/pace.13468.10.1111/pace.1346830088279
- 28. Peran D, Cmorej P, Pekara J. Bystander hit by leakage current from S-ICD. Resuscitation. 2019;138:297-298. doi: 10.1016/j. resuscitation.2019.03.023.10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.03.023
- 29. Cmorej P, Smrzova E, Peran D, et al. CPR Induced Inappropriate Shocks from a Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator during Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2020;24:85-89. doi: 10.1080/10903127.2019.1599475.10.1080/10903127.2019.159947530905240
- 30. Römers H, Van Dijk V, Balt J, et al. Erroneous magnet positioning leads to failure of inhibition of inappropriate shock during fast conducting atrial fibrillation episodes. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;40:741-743. doi: 10.1111/pace.13033.10.1111/pace.1303328326565
- 31. Schulman PM, Rozner MA. Case report: use caution when applying magnets to pacemakers or defibrillators for surgery. Anesth Analg. 2013;117:422-427. doi: 10.1213/ ANE.0b013e31829003a1.10.1213/ANE.0b013e31829003a123757477
- 32. Practice Advisory for the Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter–Defibrillators 2020: An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices. Anesthesiology. 2020;114:247-261 doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003217.10.1097/ALN.000000000000321732032098
- 33. Crossley GH, Poole JE, Rozner MA, et al. The Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Expert Consensus Statement on the perioperative management of patients with implantable defibrillators, pacemakers and arrhythmia monitors: facilities and patient management. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:1114-1152. doi: 10.1016/j. hrthm.2010.12.023.10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.12.023
- 34. Rodriguez-Blanco YF, Souki F, Tamayo E, et al. Magnets and implantable cardioverter defibrillators: What’s the problem? Ann Card Anaesth. 2013;16:54-57. doi: 10.4103/0971-9784.105372.10.4103/0971-9784.10537223287088
- 35. Nadeem F, Nunez Garcia A, Tran CT, Wu M. Magnetic Interference on Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices From Apple iPhone MagSafe Technology. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10:e020818. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.020818.10.1161/JAHA.121.020818847786034074132