Fig. 1
Map showing surveyed areas and location of Bingöl province of Turkey.
Table 1
Oligonucleotide primer sets used in this study in order to specify honeybee viruses
| Virus | Genom specific primerlers (5′→3′) | Amplicon | Gene region | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BQCV | F-TGGTCAGCTCCCACTACCTTAAAC R-GCAACAAGAAGAAACGTAAACCAC | 700 bp | Polyprotein | Benjeddou et al., 2001 |
| SBV | F-CGTAATTGCGGAGTGGAAAGATT R-AGATTCCTTCGAGGGTACCTCATC | 342 bp | Polyprotein | Sguazza et al., 2013 |
| ABPV | F-TTATGTGTCCAGAGACTGTATCCA -GCTCCTATTGCTCGGTTTTTCGGT | 900 bp | Coat Protein | Benjeddou et al., 2001 |
Table 2
Chart showing surveyed apiaries and SBV and BQCV positivity in Bingöl province, Turkey
| Locations | Number of apiaries | Positivity | Infection incidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBV | BQCV | SBV | BQCV | ||
| 1 | 44 | 4 | 1 | 9.1 | 2.27 |
| 2 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 3 | 17 | 1 | 4 | 5.8 | 23.5 |
| 4 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 |
| 5 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6 | 11 | 1 | 4 | 9.1 | 45.4 |
| 7 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 50.0 |
| 8 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 18.2 | 36.36 |
| Total | 128 | 9 | 15 | 7.03% | 11.7% |
Fig. 2
Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on nucleotide sequence alignment of BQCV isolates from Bingöl/Turkey (MZ357974) and other countries. The units at each node mean bootstrap scores as a result of 1000 iterations. Genomic RNA for the polyprotein gene of the deformed wing virus (DWV, AJ489744) was selected as the outgroup.
Fig. 3
Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on nucleotide sequence alignment of SBV isolates from Bingöl/Turkey (MZ357972 and MZ357971) and other countries. The units at each node mean bootstrap scores as a result of 1000 iterations. The polyprotein partial mRNA sequence of the deformed wing virus (DWV, AY224602) was selected as the outgroup.