References
- Ahrné, K., Bengtsson, J., Elmqvist, T. (2009). Bumble Bees (Bombus spp) along a gradient of increasing urbanization. PLoS ONE, 4(5), e5574. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005574
- Baldock, K.C.R, Goddard, M.A, Hicks, D.M, Kunin, W.E, Mitschunas, N., Osgathorpe, L.M., … Memmott, J. (2015). Where is the UK’s pollinator biodiversity? The importance of urban areas for flower-visiting insects. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282(1803). DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2849
- Banaszak-Cibicka, W., Fliszkiewicz, M., Langowska, A., Żmihorski, M. (2018). Body size and wing asymmetry in bees along an urbanization gradient. Apidologie, 4, 297–306. DOI: 10.1007/s13592-017-0554-y
- Banaszak-Cibicka, W., & Żmihorski, M. (2012). Wild bees along an urban gradient: winners and losers. Journal of Insect Conservation, 16, 331–343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-011-9419-2
- Bates, A.J., Sadler, J.P., Fairbrass, A.J., Falk, S.J., Hale, J.D., Matthews, T.J. (2011). Changing Bee and Hoverfly Pollinator Assemblages along an Urban-Rural Gradient. PLoS ONE, 6(8). e23459. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0023459
- Biesmeijer, J.C, Roberts, S.P.M, Reemer, M, Ohlemüller, R, Edwards, M., Peeters T., … Kunin W.E. (2006). Parallel declines in pollinators and insect-pollinated plants in Britain and the Netherlands. Science, 313, 351–354. DOI: 10.1126/science.1127863
- Biliński, M., & Teper, D. (2004). Rearing and utilization of the red mason bee Osmia rufa L. (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) for orchard pollination. Journal of Apicultural Science, 48(2), 69–74.
- Blair, R.B. (2001). Birds and butterflies along urban gradients in two ecoregions of the United States: Is urbanization creating a homogeneous fauna?: The Loss of Diversity Through Invasion and Extinct. in JL Lockwood & ML McKinney (eds), Biotic Homogenization: The Loss of Diversity Through Invasion and Extinct. Kluwer/Academic Press. pp 33–56.
- Blair, R.B., & Launer, A.E. (1997). Butterfly diversity and human land use: species assemblages along an urban gradient. Biological Conservation, 80, 113–125.
- Bosch, J., & Vicens, N. (2002). Body size as an estimator of production costs in a solitary bee. Ecoogical Entomology, 27, 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2311.2002.00406.x
- Cardoso, M.C., & Gonçalves, R.B. (2018). Reduction by half: the impact on bees of 34 years of urbanization. Urban Ecosystems, 21, 943–949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-018-0773-7
- Cariveau, D.P., & Winfree, R. (2015). Causes of variation in wild bee responses to anthropogenic drivers. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 10, 104–109. DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.05.004
- Czech, B., Krausman, P.R., Devers, P.K. (2000). Economic associations among causes of species endangerment in the United States. BioScience 50: 593–601. DOI: 10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0593:EAACOS]2.0.CO;2
- De Anna, E.B., Bonisoli-Alquati, A., Mousseau, T.A. (2013). The use of fluctuating asymmetry as a measure of environmentally induced developmental instability: A meta-analysis. Ecological Indicators, 30, 218–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.024
- Eremeeva, N.I., & Sushchev, D.V. (2005). Structural Changes in the Fauna of Pollinating Insects in Urban Landscapes. Russian Journal of Ecology, 36, 259–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11184-005-0070-6
- Everaars, J., Strohbach, M.W., Gruber, B., Dormann, C.F. (2011). Microsite conditions dominate habitat selection of the red mason bee (Osmia bicornis, Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in an urban environment: a case study from Leipzig, Germany. Landscape Urban Planning, 103(1), 15–23. DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.05.008
- Ewers, R.M., & Didham, R.K. (2006). Confounding factors in the detection of species responses to habitat fragmentation. Biological Reviews, 81, 117–142. DOI: 10.1017/S1464793105006949
- Fetridge, E.D., Ascher, J.S., Langellotto, G.A. (2008). The bee fauna of residential gardens in a suburb of New York City (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 101, 1067–1077. DOI: 10.1603/0013-8746-101.6.1067
- Fliszkiewicz, M., Giejdasz, K., Wilkaniec, Z. (2011). The importance of male red mason bee (Osmia rufa L.) and male bufftailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris L.) pollination in blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.). Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 86, 457–460. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2011.11512788
- Fliszkiewicz, M., Kuśnierczak, A., Szymaś, B. (2012). The accompanying fauna of solitary bee Osmia bicornis (L.) syn. Osmia rufa (L.) nests settled in different biotopes. Journal of Apicultural Science, 56(1), 51–58. DOI: 10.2478/v10289-012-0006-x
- Fliszkiewicz, M., Kuśnierczak, A., Szymaś, B. (2014). Reproduction of the red mason solitary bee Osmia rufa (syn. Osmia bicornis) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in various habitats. European Journal of. Entomology, 112(1), 100–105. DOI: 10.14411/eje.2015.005
- Fortel, L., Henry, M., Guilbaud, L., Guirao, A.L., Kuhlmann, M., Mouret, H., Rollin, O., Vaissière, B.E. (2014). Decreasing abundance, increasing diversity and changing structure of the wild bee community (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) along an urbanization gradient. PLoS One 9(8), e104679. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104679
- Frankie, G.W., Thorp, R.W., Schindler, M., Hernandez, J., Ertter, B., Rizzardi, M. (2005). Ecological patterns of bees and their host ornamental flowers in two northern California cities. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 78(3), 227–246. DOI: 10.2317/0407.08.1
- Wilkaniec, Z., & Giejdasz, K. (2003). Suitability of nesting substrates for the cavity-nesting bee Osmia rufa, Journal of Apicultural Research, 42(3), 29–31.
- Goodel, K. (2003). Food availability affects Osmia pumila (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) foraging, reproduction, and brood parasitism. Oecologia, 134(4): 518–527.
- Gotelli, N.J., & Colwell, R.K. (2001). Quantifying biodiversity: procedures and pitfalls in measurment and comparison of species richness. Ecology Letters, 4, 379–391.
- Hall, D.M., Camilo, G.R., Tonietto, R.K., Ollerton, J., Ahrné, K., Arduser, M., … Threlfall, C.G. (2017). The city as a refuge for insect pollinators. Conservation Biology, 31, 24–29. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12840
- Hudewenz, A., & Klein, A.M. (2015). Red mason bees cannot compete with honey bees for floral resources in a cage experiment. Ecological Evolution, 5(21), 5049–5056. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1762
- Johnson, M.D. (1988). The relationship of provision weight to adult weight and sex ratio in the solitary bee, Ceratina calcarata. Ecological Entomology, 13,165–170. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1988.tb00344.x
- Kaluza, B.F., Wallace, H., Heard, T.A., Klein, A.M., Leonhardt, S.D. (2016). Urban gardens promote bee foraging over natural habitats and plantations. Ecology and Evolution, 6, 1304–1316. DOI:10.1002/ece3.1941
- Kearns, C.A., Inouye, D.W., Waser, N.M. (1998). Endangered mutualisms: The conservation of plant-pollinator interactions. Annual Review of Ecological Systems 29, 83–112
- Krunić, M., Pinzauti, M., Felicioli, A., Stanisavljević, L. (1995). Further observations on Osmia cornuta (Latr.) and O. rufa (L.) as alternative fruit pollinators, domestication and utilization. Archives of Bioogical Science, 47(1–2), 59–66.
- Krunić, M., Stanislavljević, L., Pinzauti, M., Felicioli, A. (2005). The accompanying fauna of Osmia cornuta and Osmia rufa and effective measures of protection. Bulletin of Insectology 58(2), 141–152.
- Krunić, M., Stanisavljević, L., Brajković, M., Tomanović, Ž., Radović, I. (2001). Ecological studies of Osmia cornuta (Latr.) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) populations in Yugoslavia with special attention to their diapause, Acta Horticulturae 561, 297–301
- Łoś, A., Skórka, P., Strachecka, A., Winiarczyk, S., Adaszek Ł., Winiarczyk, M., Wolski, D. (2020). The associations among the breeding performance of Osmia bicornis L. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), burden of pathogens and nest parasites along urbanisation gradient. Science of The Total Environment, 710: 135520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135520
- MacIvor, J.S., & Packer, L. (2015). Bee Hotels’ as Tools for Native Pollinator Conservation: A Premature Verdict? PLoS One, 10(3): e0122126. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122126
- MacIvor, J.S., & Packer, L., (2016). The bees among us: modelling occupancy of solitary bees. PLoS One, 11,(12), e0164764. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164764
- Madras-Majewska, B., Zajdel, B., Boczkowska, B. (2011). The influence of nests usage on mason bee (Osmia rufa L.) survival. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Science - SGGW, 49, 115–119.
- Matteson, K.C., Ascher, J.S., Langellotto, G.A. (2008). Bee richness and abundance in New York City urban gardens. Annals of the Entomolgical Society of America 101, 140–150. DOI: 10.1603/0013-8746(2008)101[140:BRAAIN]2.0.CO;2
- McIntyre, M.E., & Hostetler, N.E. (2001). Effects of urban land use on pollinator (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) communities in a desert metropolis. Basic and Applied Ecology, 2, 209–218.
- McKinney, M.L. (2002). Urbanization, biodiversity, and conservation. Bio Science, 52(10), 883–890. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0883:UBAC]2.0.CO;2
- McKinney, M.L. (2008). Effects of urbanization on species richness: a review of plants and animals. Urban Ecosystems, 11(2), 161–176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-007-0045-4
- Normandin, E., Vereecken, N.J., Buddle, C.M. & Fournier, V. (2017). Taxonomic and functional trait diversity of wild bees in different urban settings. Peer J, 5, e3051. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3051
- Radmacher, S., & Strohm, E. (2010). Factors affecting offspring body size in the solitary bee Osmia bicornis (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Apidologie, 41(2), 169–177. DOI: 10.1051/apido/2009064
- Ruszkowski, A., & Biliński, M. (1986). Rośliny pokarmowe oraz znaczenie gospodarcze murarek. Pszczelnicze Zeszyty Naukowe, 30, 63–87.
- Savard, J.P.L., Clergeau, P., Mennechez, G. (2000). Biodiversity concepts and urban ecosystems. Landscape and Urbanan Planning, 48, 131–142. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00037-2
- Seidelmann, K. (2006). Open-cell parasitism shapes maternal investment patterns in the Red Mason bee Osmia rufa. Behavioral Ecology, 17, 839–848. https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arl017
- Seidelmann, K., Ulbrich, K., Mielenz, N. (2010). Conditional sex allocation in the Red Mason bee, Osmia rufa. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 64(3), 337–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-009-0850-2
- Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379–423.
- Sirohi, M.H., Jackson, J., Edwards, M., Ollerton, J. (2015). Diversity and abundance of solitary and primitively eusocial bees in an urban Centre: a case study from Northampton (England). Journal Insects and Conservation, 19, 487–500. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-015-9769-2
- Szentgyörgyi, H., Moroń, D., Nawrocka, A., Tofilski, A., Woyciechowski, M. (2017). Forewing structure of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis developing on heavy metal pollution gradient. Ecotoxicology, 26(8), 1031–1040. DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1831-2
- Tait, C.J., Daniels, C.B., Hill, R.S. (2005). Changes in species assemblages within the Adelaide Metropolitan Area, Australia. 1836–2002. Ecological Applications, 15(1), 346–359. DOI: 10.1890/04-0920
- Teper, D. (2007). Food plants of the red mason bee (Osmia rufa L.) determined based on a palynological analysis of faeces. Journal of Apicultural Science, 51(2), 55–62.
- Teper, D., & Biliński, M. (2009). Red mason bee (Osmia rufa L.) as a pollinator of rape plantations. Journal of Apicultural Science, 52(2), 115–120.
- Thompson, K., Austin, K.C., Smith, R.M., Warren, P.H., Angold, P.G., Gaston, K.J. (2003). Urban domestic gardens (I): putting small-scale plant diversity in context. Journal of Vegetation Science, 14(1), 71–78. DOI: 10.1658/1100-9233(2003)014[0071:UDGIPS]2.0.CO;2
- Threlfall, C.G., Walker, K., Williams, N.S., Hahs, A.K., Mata, L., Stork, N., Livesley, S.J. (2015). The conservation value of urban green space habitats for Australian native bee communities. Biological Conservation, 187, 240–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.05.003
- Verboven, H.A., Uyttenbroeck, R., Brys, R., Hermy, M. (2014). Different responses of bees and hoverflies to land use in an urban-rural gradient show the importance of the nature of the rural land use. Landscape Urban Planning, 126, 31–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.02.017
- Wania, A., Kühn, I., Klotz, S. (2006). Plant richness patterns in agricultural and urban landscapes in Central Germany - spatial gradients of species richness. Landscape and Urban Plannning, 75, 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.12.006
- Zajdel, B., Kucharska, K., Kucharski, D., Fliszkiewicz, M., Gąbka, J. (2014). Accompanying fauna of red mason bees in annual and perennial nesting sites. Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 70(12), 745–749.
- Zajdel, B., Kucharska, K., Madras-Majewska, B., Gąbka, J., Kamiński, Z., Kucharski, D. (2015). Pasożytnicza i towarzysząca fauna gniazd murarki ogrodowej. Przegląd Hodowlany, 3, 27–28.
- Zanette, L.R., Martins, RP., Riero, S.P. (2005). Effects of urbanization on Neotropical wasp and bee assemblages in a Brazilian metropolis. Landscape and Urban Planning, 71, (2–4), 105–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.02.003