Abstract
This article discusses a variety of more recent alternatives to Portland cement (OPC) that can lower energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Some of these new binders can be made utilizing fuels and low-grade industrial waste. Only after thorough examination of various physico-mechanical, microstructural, and durability properties can the practical viability of these alternative binders be substantiated .In this review paper seven important alternative cementitious binder systems i.e. Supplemental cementitious in place of OPC in some cases, Industrial By-Products, Alternative cements, Concrete Made Using Garbage as Aggregate, Carbona table Calcium Silicate Cement, Cements With a Calcium Hydro silicate Base, Eggshell waste for sustainable construction materials are discussed. It was deduced that all of the more recent cementitious binders could be created utilizing industrial wastes such as low-grade limestone or clay, fly ash, and slags. This would result in the achievement of the desired physico-mechanical and durability properties, as well as a decrease in cost and energy consumption of between 20 and 58 percent. In addition, the creation of the aforementioned alternative binder results in a reduction of greenhouse gases that is anywhere from 15–55%.