
Figure 1:
Illustration of CNN model architecture. CNN, convolutional neural network.

Figure 2:
Illustration of the average pooling operation with a 2 × 2 filter and stride.

Figure 3:
Flowchart of the proposed method. CNN, convolutional neural network; SFCM, spatial fuzzy clustering membership.

Figure 4:
Output of model training.

Figure 5:
SAR1 image before change.

Figure 6:
SAR2 image after change.

Figure 7:
Pre-classification of SAR1 & SAR2 using space matrix calculation and SFCM. SFCM, spatial fuzzy clustering membership.

Figure 8:
Final change detection output.