Figure 1.
Aging ratio (percentage of people aged 65 years and more in the population) in Polish LGUs in 2011 (left panel) and 2021 (right panel). LGUs, local government units.
Figure 2.
Distribution of aging ratio (in%) in Polish LGUs in 2011 and 2021 by type of units. LGUs, local government units.
Figure 3.
PIT per capita in Polish LGUs in 2011 (left panel) and 2021 (right panel). LGUs, local government units; PIT, personal income tax.
Figure 4.
Property tax per capita in Polish LGUs in 2011 (left panel) and 2021 (right panel). LGUs, local government units.
Figure 5.
Distribution of PIT per capita in 2011 and 2021 by type of units. PIT, personal income tax.
Figure 6.
Distribution of property tax per capita in 2011 and 2021 by type of units.
Figure 7.
Perceptual maps in correspondence analysis between aging ratio, personal income per capita, and property tax per capita in rural, urban, and rural–urban units in Poland in 2011 and 2021.
Table 1.
p-values in the chi-square test of independence between aging ratio, PIT per capita, and property tax per capita
| Type of the tax | Aging ratio | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 2021 | |||
| City with county rights | Rural/urban/rural–urban | City with county rights | Rural/urban/rural–urban | |
| PIT per capita | 0.211 | 0.000 | 0.437 | 0.000 |
| Property tax per capita | 0.107 | 0.000 | 0.524 | 0.009 |