Exploring Pro-Environmental Behaviour Among Hotel Suppliers: Evidence From Selected Hotels in Poland

Variable	Category	Me (IQR)	MR
Type of economic activity	Shopping	3.0 (2.7–4.0)	44.3
	Third-party services	2.7 (2.7–4.0)	40.1
	Z (n₁ = 59, n₂ = 26) = −0.73, p = .463, r = 0.08
Organizational and legal form	Company	3.7 (3.0–4.0)	54.3
	Individual-ownership company	2.7 (2.2–3.0)	28.3
	Z (n₁ = 48, n₂ = 37) = −4.90, p < .001, r = 0.53
Company size	Micro- and small enterprise	3.0 (2.7–3.7)	37.8
	Medium and large enterprise	3.7 (3.0–4.0)	55.6
	Z (n₁ = 60, n₂ = 25) = −3.09, p = .002, r = 0.34
Detailed location	Outskirts of the city	3.0 (2.7–4.0)	43.4
	City center	2.8 (2.7–3.8)	41.2
	Z (n₁ = 69, n₂ = 16) = −0.33, p = .744, r = 0.04
Degree of integration of the company	Independent enterprise	3.0 (2.7–4.0)	43.4
	Capital group	2.7 (2.7–3.8)	40.5
	Z (n₁ = 73, n₂ = 12) = −0.39, p = .695, r = 0.04
Capital origin	Domestic	3.0 (2.7–4.0)	40.8
	Foreign and mixed	3.7 (2.7–4.0)	50.6
	Z (n₁ = 66, n₂ = 19) = −1.55, p = .122, r = 0.17
Length of operation of the company	Up to 10 years	2.7 (2.7–3.3)	34.7
	Over 10 years	4.0 (3.1–4.0)	56.7
	Z (n₁ = 53, n₂ = 32) = −4.05, p < .001, r = 0.44

Variable	Category	*Me (IQR)*	MR
Type of economic activity	Shopping	2.5 (2.0–3.0)	44.5
	Third-party services	2.5 (1.5–3.0)	39.7
	Z (n₁ = 59, n₂ = 26) = −0.85, p = .394, r = 0.09
Organizational and legal form	Company	3.0 (2.1–3.0)	52.1
	Individual ownership company	2.0 (1.5–2.5)	31.1
	Z (n₁ = 48, n₂ = 37) = −4.02, p < .001, r = 0.44
Company size	Micro and small enterprise	2.3 (2.0–3.0)	38.3
	Medium and large enterprise	3.0 (2.5–3.0)	54.3
	Z (n₁ = 60, n₂ = 25) = −2.83, p = .005, r = 0.31
Detailed location	Outskirts of the city	2.5 (2.0–3.0)	42.1
	City center	2.8 (2.0–3.0)	47.1
	Z (n₁ = 69, n₂ = 16) = −0.76, p = .446, r = 0.08
Degree of integration of the company	Independent enterprise	2.5 (2.0–3.0)	41.1
	Capital group	3.0 (2.0–3.9)	54.6
	Z (n₁ = 73, n₂ = 12) = −1.82, p = .069, r = 0.20
Capital origin	Domestic	2.3 (2.0–3.0)	38.5
	Foreign and mixed	3.0 (2.5–3.5)	58.6
	Z (n₁ = 66, n₂ = 19) = −3.23, p = .001, r = 0.35
Length of operation of the company	Up to 10 years	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	36.1
	Over 10 years	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	54.4
	Z (n₁ = 53, n₂ = 32) = −3.43, p = .001, r = 0.37

Variable	Category	*Me (IQR)*	MR
Type of economic activity	Shopping	3.3 (2.7– 3.7)	45.0
	Third-party services	3.0 (2.6–3.8)	38.4
	Z (n₁ = 59, n₂ = 26) = −1.16, p = .248, r = 0.13
Organizational and legal form	Company	3.5 (3.0–3.8)	53.5
	Individual-ownership company	2.8 (2.4–3.2)	29.4
	Z (n₁ = 48, n₂ = 37) = −4.50, p < .001, r = 0.49
Company size	Micro- and small enterprise	3.0 (2.7–3.5)	37.9
	Medium and large enterprise	3.7 (3.0–4.0)	55.1
	Z (n₁ = 60, n₂ = 25) = −2.94, p = .003, r = 0.32
Detailed location	Outskirts of the city	3.2 (2.7–3.8)	42.4
	City center	3.3 (2.9–3.7)	45.6
	Z (n₁ = 69, n₂ = 16) = −0.46, p = .643, r = 0.05
Degree of integration of the company	Independent enterprise	3.2 (2.7–3.7)	42.9
	Capital group	3.1 (2.8–3.8)	43.4
	Z (n₁ = 73, n₂ = 12) = −0.06, p = .949, r = 0.01
Capital origin	Domestic	3.2 (2.7–3.7)	41.2
	Foreign and mixed	3.3 (3.0–3.8)	49.3
	Z (n₁ = 66, n₂ = 19) = −1.28, p = .201, r = 0.14
Length of operation of the company	Up to 10 years	3.0 (2.7–3.3)	34.7
	Over 10 years	3.8 (3.0–4.0)	56.8
	Z (n₁ = 53, n₂ = 32) = −4.03, p < .001, r = 0.44

Variable	Category	Me (IQR)	MR
Type of economic activity	Shopping	2.5 (2.0–3.0)	43.7
	Third-party services	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	41.4
	Z (n₁ = 59, n₂ = 26) = −0.42, p = .674, r = 0.05
Organizational and legal form	Company	3.0 (2.0–3.0)	52.3
	Individual ownership company	2.0 (2.0–2.5)	30.9
	Z (n₁ = 48, n₂ = 37) = −4.16, p < .001, r = 0.45
Company size	Micro and small enterprise	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	39.4
	Medium and large enterprise	2.5 (2.0–3.0)	51.6
	Z (n₁ = 60, n₂ = 25) = −2.17, p = .030, r = 0.24
Detailed location	Outskirts of the city	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	39.8
	City center	3.0 (2.1–3.0)	56.8
	Z (n₁ = 69, n₂ = 16) = −2.61, p = .009, r = 0.28
Degree of integration of the company	Independent enterprise	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	41.7
	Capital Group	2.8 (2.0–3.0)	51.2
	Z (n₁ = 73, n₂ = 12) = −1.30, p = .194, r = 0.14
Capital origin	Domestic	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	39.9
	Foreign and mixed	3.0 (2.0–3.5)	53.8
	Z (n₁ = 66, n₂ = 19) = −2.27, p = .023, r = 0.25
Length of operation of the company	Up to 10 years	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	39.2
	Over 10 years	2.8 (2.0–3.0)	49.3
	Z (n₁ = 53, n₂ = 32) = −1.92, p = .055, r = 0.21

Variable	*M (SD)*	*Me (IQR)*
Transport domain	2.4 (0.8)	2.5 (2.0–3.0)
I use public transport when travelling to/from work	2.4 (0.8)	2.0 (2.0–3.0)
When travelling to/from work, I cycle or walk	2.5 (0.9)	3.0 (2.0–3.0)
Domain of water, electricity and heat savings	3.2 (0.6)	3.2 (2.7–3.7)
I save water	3.2 (0.7)	3.0 (3.0–4.0)
Using a kettle, I boil as much water as I use	3.0 (0.9)	3.0 (2.0–4.0)
I turn off the light when I don't need it	3.3 (0.8)	3.0 (3.0–4.0)
When I open a window, I turn off the heating or air conditioning	3.3 (0.7)	3.0 (3.0–4.0)
I prefer electronic rather than paper versions of documents	3.1 (0.8)	3.0 (2.0–4.0)
I practice double-sided printing when possible	3.2 (0.9)	3.0 (3.0–4.0)
Waste management domain	3.1 (0.7)	3.0 (2.7–4.0)
I segregate waste	3.2 (0.8)	3.0 (3.0–4.0)
I minimize the use of plastic	3.0 (0.8)	3.0 (3.0–4.0)
I put away used batteries and light bulbs for disposal	3.0 (0.9)	3.0) (2.0–4.0)
Pro-environmental education domain	2.5 (0.7)	2.5 (2.0–3.0)
I point out someone's bad environmental habits	2.5 (0.8)	2.0 (2.0–3.0)
I influence the environmental behavior of others	2.4 (0.7)	2.0 (2.0–3.0)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijcm-2026-0009 | Journal eISSN: 2449-8939 | Journal ISSN: 2449-8920

Language: English

Page range: 107 - 121

Published on: May 6, 2026

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

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© 2026 Agnieszka Gawlik, Daniel Puciato, Marek Bugdol, Michał Rozpara, Julita Matkiewicz-Patkowska, published by Jagiellonian University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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