Fig. 1.
Multivariable logistic regression of factors associated with Schistosoma haematobium infection among women attending cervical cancer screening in Sithobela, Eswatini_
| Multivariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Adjusted OR | 95% C.I. | p-value |
| Age Group (Median=26) | |||
| ≤Median (N=186) | 1.00 | ||
| >Median (N=173) | 2.29 | 1.04–5.05 | 0.04 |
| Education | |||
| Primary (N=106) | 1.00 | ||
| Secondary and above (N=253) | 0.38 | 0.16–0.89 | 0.03 |
| Occupation | |||
| Unemployed (N=242) | 1.00 | ||
| Employed (N=117) | 0.89 | 0.39–2.02 | 0.79 |
| Residence Distance from Open Water Source | |||
| <1KM (N=110) | 1.00 | ||
| 1KM (N=162) | 0.51 | 0.19–1.31 | 0.16 |
| >1KM (N=87) | 1.60 | 0.62–4.15 | 0.33 |
| Main Source of Water for Domestic Use | |||
| Tap Water (N=109) | 1.00 | ||
| Open or Protected Wells (N=205) | 0.14 | 0.05–0.35 | < 0.01 |
| River (N=45) | 0.46 | 0.14–1.55 | 0.21 |
| The Activities that Lead to Contacting Water Bodies | |||
| Agriculture Activities (N=51) | 1.00 | ||
| Fetching Water (N=65) | 0.60 | 0.12–2.98 | 0.53 |
| Washing or Bathing (N=243) | 0.64 | 0.21–1.98 | 0.44 |
| Schistosomiasis Treatment History (praziquantel) | |||
| No (N=337) | 1.00 | ||
| Yes (N=22) | 0.91 | 0.18–4.68 | 0.90 |
| Total (N=359) | |||
Sociodemographic, environmental, and behavioral characteristics of women attending cervical cancer screening in Sithobela, Eswatini, by Schistosoma haematobium infection status_
| Variables | Infection Rate | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive Cases | % | p-value* | |
| Age Group (Median=26) | |||
| ≤Median (N=186) | 13 | 6.99 | < 0.01 |
| >Median (N=173) | 26 | 15.03 | |
| Education | |||
| Primary (N=106) | 14 | 13.21 | 0.4 |
| Secondary and above (N=253) | 25 | 9.88 | |
| Occupation | |||
| Unemployed (N=242) | 27 | 11.16 | 0.79 |
| Employed (N=117) | 12 | 10.26 | |
| Residence Distance from Open Water Source | |||
| <1KM (N=110) | 11 | 10 | 0.3 |
| 1KM (N=162) | 15 | 9.26 | |
| >1KM (N=87) | 13 | 14.94 | |
| Main Source of Water for Domestic Use | |||
| Tap Water (N=109) | 24 | 22.02 | < 0.01 |
| Open or Protected Wells (N=205) | 10 | 4.88 | |
| River (N=45) | 5 | 11.11 | |
| The Activities that Lead to Contacting Water Bodies | |||
| Washing (N=177) | 19 | 10.73 | 0.18 |
| Agriculture Activities (N=51) | 6 | 11.76 | |
| Fetching Water (N=65) | 3 | 4.62 | |
| Bathing (N=66) | 11 | 16.67 | |
| Schistosomiasis Treatment History (praziquantel) | |||
| No (N=337) | 37 | 10.98 | 0.78 |
| Yes (N=22) | 2 | 9.09 | |
| Total (N=359) | 39 | 10.86 | |